Targeting PPAR? Signaling Cascade for the Prevention and Treatment of Prostate Cancer.

ABSTRACT: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR?) is a member of the hormone-activated nuclear receptor superfamily. PPAR? can be activated by a diverse group of agents, such as endogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids, 15-deoxy-?(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)), and thiazolidinedione (TZD) drugs. PPAR? induces antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, and prodifferentiation pathways in several tissue types, thus making it a highly useful target for downregulation of carcinogenesis. These TZD-derived novel therapeutic agents, alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs, have translational relevance in fostering effective strategies for cancer treatment. TZDs have been proven for antitumor activity in a wide variety of experimental cancer models, both in vitro and in vivo, by affecting the cell cycle, inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, as well as by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. Angiogenesis inhibition mechanisms of TZDs include direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation and migration, as well as reduction in tumor cell vascular endothelial growth factor production. In prostate cancer, PPAR? ligands such as troglitazone and 15d-PGJ(2) have also shown to inhibit tumor growth. This paper will focus on current discoveries in PPAR? activation, targeting prostate carcinogenesis as well as the role of PPAR? as a possible anticancer therapeutic option. Here, we review PPAR? as an antitumor agent and summarize the antineoplastic effects of PPAR? agonists in prostate cancer.

SUBMITTER: Sikka S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3504464 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature