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A critical review of magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

ABSTRACT: Functional neuroimaging studies have converged to suggest that cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit dysfunction is a core pathophysiologic feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Now, complementary approaches examining regional neurochemistry are beginning to yield additional insights with regard to the neurobiology of aberrant CSTC circuitry in OCD. In particular, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which allows for the in vivo quantification of various neurochemicals in the CSTC circuit and other brain regions, has recently been used extensively in studies of OCD patients. In this review, we summarize the diverse and often seemingly inconsistent findings of these studies, consider methodological factors that might help to explain these inconsistencies, and discuss several convergent findings that tentatively seem to be emerging. We conclude with suggestions for possible future proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies in OCD.

SUBMITTER: Brennan BP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3504626 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A critical review of magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Brennan Brian P BP Rauch Scott L SL Jensen J Eric JE Pope Harrison G HG

Biological psychiatry 20120724 1

Functional neuroimaging studies have converged to suggest that cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit dysfunction is a core pathophysiologic feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Now, complementary approaches examining regional neurochemistry are beginning to yield additional insights with regard to the neurobiology of aberrant CSTC circuitry in OCD. In particular, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which allows for the in vivo quantification of various neurochemicals in ...[more]

PMID: 22831979

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Project description:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a highly prevalent and chronic condition that is associated with substantial global disability. OCD is the key example of the 'obsessive-compulsive and related disorders', a group of conditions which are now classified together in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, and the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, and which are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. In addition, OCD is an important example of a neuropsychiatric disorder in which rigorous research on phenomenology, psychobiology, pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy has contributed to better recognition, assessment and outcomes. Although OCD is a relatively homogenous disorder with similar symptom dimensions globally, individualized assessment of symptoms, the degree of insight, and the extent of comorbidity is needed. Several neurobiological mechanisms underlying OCD have been identified, including specific brain circuits that underpin OCD. In addition, laboratory models have demonstrated how cellular and molecular dysfunction underpins repetitive stereotyped behaviours, and the genetic architecture of OCD is increasingly understood. Effective treatments for OCD include serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioural therapy, and neurosurgery for those with intractable symptoms. Integration of global mental health and translational neuroscience approaches could further advance knowledge on OCD and improve clinical outcomes.

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