Dataset Information

5-HTTLPR and early childhood adversities moderate cognitive and emotional processing in adolescence.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Polymorphisms in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) and exposure to early childhood adversities (CA) are independently associated with individual differences in cognitive and emotional processing. Whether these two factors interact to influence cognitive and emotional processing is not known.

Methodology and principal findings

We used a sample of 238 adolescents from a community study characterised by the presence of the short allele of 5-HTTLPR (LL, LS, SS) and the presence or absence of exposure to CA before 6 years of age. We measured cognitive and emotional processing using a set of neuropsychological tasks selected predominantly from the CANTAB® battery. We found that adolescents homozygous for the short allele (SS) of 5-HTTLPR and exposed to CA were worse at classifying negative and neutral stimuli and made more errors in response to ambiguous negative feedback. In addition, cognitive and emotional processing deficits were associated with diagnoses of anxiety and/or depressions.

Conclusion and significance

Cognitive and emotional processing deficits may act as a transdiagnostic intermediate marker for anxiety and depressive disorders in genetically susceptible individuals exposed to CA.

SUBMITTER: Owens M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3509124 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

5-HTTLPR and early childhood adversities moderate cognitive and emotional processing in adolescence.

Owens Matthew M Goodyer Ian M IM Wilkinson Paul P Bhardwaj Anupam A Abbott Rosemary R Croudace Tim T Dunn Valerie V Jones Peter B PB Walsh Nicholas D ND Ban Maria M Sahakian Barbara J BJ

PloS one 20121128 11

<h4>Background</h4>Polymorphisms in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) and exposure to early childhood adversities (CA) are independently associated with individual differences in cognitive and emotional processing. Whether these two factors interact to influence cognitive and emotional processing is not known.<h4>Methodology and principal findings</h4>We used a sample of 238 adolescents from a community study characterised by the presence of the short allele of 5-H ...[more]

PMID: 23209555

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Project description:ImportanceSleep problems and psychopathology symptoms are highly comorbid and bidirectionally correlated across childhood and adolescence. Whether these associations are specific to discrete profiles of sleep problems and specific internalizing and externalizing phenomena is currently unclear.ObjectiveTo characterize individual changes in profiles of sleep problems and their prospective associations with psychopathology symptoms across the transition from childhood to adolescence.Design, setting, and participantsThis observational cohort study used baseline data (participant age of 9 to 11 years) and 2-year follow-up data (participant age of 11 to 13 years) from the community-setting, multicenter Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Individuals were assessed for a range of sleep problems at both waves and categorized into profiles via latent profile analysis. The stability and change in these profiles over time was assessed via latent transition analysis. Logistic regression models examined whether psychopathology symptoms were cross-sectionally associated with profile membership and whether transitions between profiles were associated with changes psychopathology symptoms over time. Data were collected from September 2016 to January 2020, and data were analyzed from August 2021 to July 2022.ExposuresSleep problems were assessed at both baseline and follow-up via the parent-reported Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC).Main outcomes and measuresPsychopathology symptoms at both baseline and follow-up were assessed using the internalizing and externalizing dimension scores derived from the parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist.ResultsA total of 10 313 individuals (4913 [47.6%] were female) were categorized into 4 latent profiles of sleep problems at both baseline and follow-up: a low disturbance profile, a sleep onset/maintenance problems profile, a moderate and nonspecific disturbance profile (termed mixed disturbance), and a high disturbance profile. Individuals in the 3 more severe problem profiles displayed greater risk of concurrent internalizing symptoms (sleep onset/maintenance problems: odds ratio [OR], 1.30; 95% CI, 1.25-1.35; P < .001; mixed disturbance: OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.25-1.33; P < .001; high disturbance: OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.40-1.49; P < .001) and externalizing symptoms (sleep onset/maintenance problems: OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.16-1.23; P < .001; mixed disturbance: OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.14-1.20; P < .001; high disturbance: OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.21-1.28; P < .001). Transitions between sleep profiles over time were associated with prospective internalizing and externalizing symptoms, but not vice versa.Conclusions and relevanceThere are substantial changes in sleep problems across the transition to adolescence that are associated with later internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Sleep profiles could be targeted in future intervention and treatment programs to improve sleep-related and mental health-related outcomes across development.

Project description:OBJECTIVE:To explore the separate and joint associations of childhood adversities and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism as risk factors for substance use disorders among adults. : Design : Retrospective case-control study. SETTING:Cases from the substance unit and controls from a representative sample of the adult general population in the metropolitan area of Murcia (Spain). PARTICIPANTS:Cases were defined as outpatients 18 years old or older currently in the treatment for alcohol, opioids or cocaine use disorders in the clinical unit. Controls were randomly selected among individuals without substance use disorders who participated in the Psychiatric Enquiry to General Population in Southeast Spain-Murcia (PEGASUS-Murcia) project, a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of the adult general population. In all, 142 cases and 531 controls were interviewed and a subsample of 114 cases (80.3%) and 329 controls (62%) provided a biological sample. EXPOSURE:A history of 12 childhood adversities, lifetime mental disorders and sociodemographic variables was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)version 3.0). Buccal swabs were obtained to genotype the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism with the biallelic and the triallelic classification. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE:Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to estimate adjusted ORs and 95%?CI. RESULTS:Childhood adversities were associated with an elevated risk of substance use disorders (OR=5.77, 95%?CI 3.46 to 9.61). Homozygotes for the short allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism also showed the elevated risk of substance use disorders for the biallelic and triallelic classification: (1.97 (1.10 to 3.55) and 2.01 (1.11 to 3.64), respectively). No evidence for gene × environment interactions was found. CONCLUSIONS:Childhood adversities and the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism are involved in the aetiology of substance use disorders though findings exploring the existence of a gene-environment interaction were inconclusive.

Dataset Information

5-HTTLPR and early childhood adversities moderate cognitive and emotional processing in adolescence.

Background

Methodology and principal findings

Conclusion and significance

Publications

5-HTTLPR and early childhood adversities moderate cognitive and emotional processing in adolescence.

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