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Stereotypes of age differences in personality traits: universal and accurate?


ABSTRACT: Age trajectories for personality traits are known to be similar across cultures. To address whether stereotypes of age groups reflect these age-related changes in personality, we asked participants in 26 countries (N = 3,323) to rate typical adolescents, adults, and old persons in their own country. Raters across nations tended to share similar beliefs about different age groups; adolescents were seen as impulsive, rebellious, undisciplined, preferring excitement and novelty, whereas old people were consistently considered lower on impulsivity, activity, antagonism, and Openness. These consensual age group stereotypes correlated strongly with published age differences on the five major dimensions of personality and most of 30 specific traits, using as criteria of accuracy both self-reports and observer ratings, different survey methodologies, and data from up to 50 nations. However, personal stereotypes were considerably less accurate, and consensual stereotypes tended to exaggerate differences across age groups.

SUBMITTER: Chan W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3514646 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Stereotypes of age differences in personality traits: universal and accurate?

Chan Wayne W   Mccrae Robert R RR   De Fruyt Filip F   Jussim Lee L   Löckenhoff Corinna E CE   De Bolle Marleen M   Costa Paul T PT   Sutin Angelina R AR   Realo Anu A   Allik Jüri J   Nakazato Katsuharu K   Shimonaka Yoshiko Y   Hřebíčková Martina M   Graf Sylvie S   Yik Michelle M   Brunner-Sciarra Marina M   De Figueroa Nora Leibovich NL   Schmidt Vanina V   Ahn Chang-Kyu CK   Ahn Hyun-Nie HN   Aguilar-Vafaie Maria E ME   Siuta Jerzy J   Szmigielska Barbara B   Cain Thomas R TR   Crawford Jarret T JT   Mastor Khairul Anwar KA   Rolland Jean-Pierre JP   Nansubuga Florence F   Miramontez Daniel R DR   Benet-Martínez Verónica V   Rossier Jérôme J   Bratko Denis D   Marušić Iris I   Halberstadt Jamin J   Yamaguchi Mami M   Knežević Goran G   Martin Thomas A TA   Gheorghiu Mirona M   Smith Peter B PB   Barbaranelli Claudio C   Wang Lei L   Shakespeare-Finch Jane J   Lima Margarida P MP   Klinkosz Waldemar W   Sekowski Andrzej A   Alcalay Lidia L   Simonetti Franco F   Avdeyeva Tatyana V TV   Pramila V S VS   Terracciano Antonio A  

Journal of personality and social psychology 20121022 6


Age trajectories for personality traits are known to be similar across cultures. To address whether stereotypes of age groups reflect these age-related changes in personality, we asked participants in 26 countries (N = 3,323) to rate typical adolescents, adults, and old persons in their own country. Raters across nations tended to share similar beliefs about different age groups; adolescents were seen as impulsive, rebellious, undisciplined, preferring excitement and novelty, whereas old people  ...[more]

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