Dataset Information

MicroRNAs in the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 region repress the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by targeting the TWIST1 protein signaling network.

ABSTRACT: Development of metastatic disease accounts for the vast majority of cancer-related deaths. Nevertheless, few treatments exist that are designed to specifically inhibit processes that drive tumor metastasis. The imprinted DLK1-DIO3 region contains tumor-suppressing miRNAs, but their identity and function remain indeterminate. In this study we identify seven miRNAs in the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 region that function cooperatively to repress the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a critical step that drives tumor metastasis, as well as proliferation of carcinoma cells. These seven miRNAs (miRs 300, 382, 494, 495, 539, 543, and 544) repress a signaling network comprising TWIST1, BMI1, ZEB1/2, and miR-200 family miRNAs and silencing of the cluster, which occurs via hypermethylation of upstream CpG islands in human ductal carcinomas, confers morphological, molecular, and function changes consistent with an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, ectopic expression of miR-544 independently inhibited proliferation of numerous tumor cell lines by inducing the ATM cell cycle checkpoint pathway. These results establish the DLKI-DIO3 miRNA cluster as a critical checkpoint regulating tumor growth and metastasis and implicate epigenetic modification of the cluster in driving tumor progression. These results also suggest that promoter methylation status and miRNA expression levels represent new diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets to predict and inhibit, respectively, tumor metastasis in carcinoma patients.

SUBMITTER: Haga CL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3522270 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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MicroRNAs in the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 region repress the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by targeting the TWIST1 protein signaling network.

Haga Christopher L CL Phinney Donald G DG

The Journal of biological chemistry 20121026 51

Development of metastatic disease accounts for the vast majority of cancer-related deaths. Nevertheless, few treatments exist that are designed to specifically inhibit processes that drive tumor metastasis. The imprinted DLK1-DIO3 region contains tumor-suppressing miRNAs, but their identity and function remain indeterminate. In this study we identify seven miRNAs in the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 region that function cooperatively to repress the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a critical step tha ...[more]

PMID: 23105110

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Project description:BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide in 2020. Exosomes derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs-exo) can promote tumor progression in various human cancers. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism controlling how CAFs-exo can promote HCC progression remains poorly understood.MethodsCAFs and para-cancer fibroblasts (PAFs) were isolated from HCC tissues and corresponding para-cancer tissues, then were cultured in vitro. CAFs and PAFs were characterized by immunofluorescence and western blot (WB) assays. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation, and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoflow cytometry, and WB assay. The internalization of exosomes by HCC cells was observed under a fluorescence microscope. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation. Wound healing and transwell assays were used for migration and invasion experiments. RT-PCR assay was used to examine differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in exosomes and HCC cells. The TargetScan database was used to predict miRNA target genes. Hedgehog interacting protein (HHIP) expression analysis, prognostic analysis, and enrichment analysis of HHIP-related co-expressed genes were performed using the TIMER, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and LinkedOmics databases.ResultsCAFs-exo were internalized by HCC cells. CAFs-exo contributed to the aggressive phenotype of HCC cells, while inhibiting exosome secretion reversed these effects. Mechanistically, miRNAs in the DLK1-DIO3 imprinted region (miR-329-3p, miR-380-3p, miR-410-5p, miR-431-5p) were increased in HCC cells co-cultured with CAFs-exo compared with PAFs-exo. Expression of HHIP, a possible miR-431-5p target gene, was significantly downregulated in HCC cells. Low HHIP expression level in tumor tissues could predict poor prognosis in HCC patients. HHIP-related co-expressed genes were mainly associated with cell adhesion molecules.ConclusionsCAFs-exo can promote HCC progression by delivering miRNAs in the DLK1-DIO3 imprinted region to HCC cells, subsequently inhibiting HHIP expression. HHIP is a potential prognostic biomarker in HCC.

Project description:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenetic disease resulting from mutations in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene encoding an anion channel. Recent evidence indicates that CFTR plays a role in other cellular processes, namely in development, cellular differentiation and wound healing. Accordingly, CFTR has been proposed to function as a tumour suppressor in a wide range of cancers. Along these lines, CF was recently suggested to be associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a latent developmental process, which can be re-activated in fibrosis and cancer. However, it is unknown whether EMT is indeed active in CF and if EMT is triggered by dysfunctional CFTR itself or a consequence of secondary complications of CF. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of EMT in airways native tissue, primary cells and cell lines expressing mutant CFTR through the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers as well as EMT-associated transcription factors. Transepithelial electrical resistance, proliferation and regeneration rates, and cell resistance to TGF-β1induced EMT were also measured. CF tissues/cells expressing mutant CFTR displayed several signs of active EMT, namely: destructured epithelial proteins, defective cell junctions, increased levels of mesenchymal markers and EMT-associated transcription factors, hyper-proliferation and impaired wound healing. Importantly, we found evidence that the mutant CFTR triggered EMT was mediated by EMT-associated transcription factor TWIST1. Further, our data show that CF cells are over-sensitive to EMT but the CF EMT phenotype can be reversed by CFTR modulator drugs. Altogether, these results identify for the first time that EMT is intrinsically triggered by the absence of functional CFTR through a TWIST1 dependent mechanism and indicate that CFTR plays a direct role in EMT protection. This mechanistic link is a plausible explanation for the high incidence of fibrosis and cancer in CF, as well as for the role of CFTR as tumour suppressor protein.

Dataset Information

MicroRNAs in the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 region repress the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by targeting the TWIST1 protein signaling network.

Publications

MicroRNAs in the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 region repress the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by targeting the TWIST1 protein signaling network.

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