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Increased lipolysis and altered lipid homeostasis protect ?-synuclein-null mutant mice from diet-induced obesity.

ABSTRACT: Synucleins are a family of homologous proteins principally known for their involvement in neurodegeneration. ?-Synuclein is highly expressed in human white adipose tissue and increased in obesity. Here we show that ?-synuclein is nutritionally regulated in white adipose tissue whereas its loss partially protects mice from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and ameliorates some of the associated metabolic complications. Compared with HFD-fed WT mice, HFD-fed ?-synuclein-null mutant mice display increased lipolysis, lipid oxidation, and energy expenditure, and reduced adipocyte hypertrophy. Knockdown of ?-synuclein in adipocytes causes redistribution of the key lipolytic enzyme ATGL to lipid droplets and increases lipolysis. ?-Synuclein-deficient adipocytes also contain fewer SNARE complexes of a type involved in lipid droplet fusion. We hypothesize that ?-synuclein may deliver SNAP-23 to the SNARE complexes under lipogenic conditions. Via these independent but complementary roles, ?-synuclein may coordinately modulate lipid storage by influencing lipolysis and lipid droplet formation. Our data reveal ?-synuclein as a regulator of lipid handling in adipocytes, the function of which is particularly important in conditions of nutrient excess.

SUBMITTER: Millership S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3529034 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Increased lipolysis and altered lipid homeostasis protect γ-synuclein-null mutant mice from diet-induced obesity.

Millership Steven S   Ninkina Natalia N   Guschina Irina A IA   Norton Jessica J   Brambilla Riccardo R   Oort Pieter J PJ   Adams Sean H SH   Dennis Rowena J RJ   Voshol Peter J PJ   Rochford Justin J JJ   Buchman Vladimir L VL  

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20121203 51

Synucleins are a family of homologous proteins principally known for their involvement in neurodegeneration. γ-Synuclein is highly expressed in human white adipose tissue and increased in obesity. Here we show that γ-synuclein is nutritionally regulated in white adipose tissue whereas its loss partially protects mice from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and ameliorates some of the associated metabolic complications. Compared with HFD-fed WT mice, HFD-fed γ-synuclein-null mutant mice display  ...[more]

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