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SOLiD-SAGE of endophyte-infected red fescue reveals numerous effects on host transcriptome and an abundance of highly expressed fungal secreted proteins.

ABSTRACT: One of the most important plant-fungal symbiotic relationships is that of cool season grasses with endophytic fungi of the genera Epichloë and Neotyphodium. These associations often confer benefits, such as resistance to herbivores and improved drought tolerance, to the hosts. One benefit that appears to be unique to fine fescue grasses is disease resistance. As a first step towards understanding the basis of the endophyte-mediated disease resistance in Festuca rubra we carried out a SOLiD-SAGE quantitative transcriptome comparison of endophyte-free and Epichloë festucae-infected F. rubra. Over 200 plant genes involved in a wide variety of physiological processes were statistically significantly differentially expressed between the two samples. Many of the endophyte expressed genes were surprisingly abundant, with the most abundant fungal tag representing over 10% of the fungal mapped tags. Many of the abundant fungal tags were for secreted proteins. The second most abundantly expressed fungal gene was for a secreted antifungal protein and is of particular interest regarding the endophyte-mediated disease resistance. Similar genes in Penicillium and Aspergillus spp. have been demonstrated to have antifungal activity. Of the 10 epichloae whole genome sequences available, only one isolate of E. festucae and Neotyphodium gansuense var inebrians have an antifungal protein gene. The uniqueness of this gene in E. festucae from F. rubra, its transcript abundance, and the secreted nature of the protein, all suggest it may be involved in the disease resistance conferred to the host, which is a unique feature of the fine fescue-endophyte symbiosis.

SUBMITTER: Ambrose KV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3532157 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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SOLiD-SAGE of endophyte-infected red fescue reveals numerous effects on host transcriptome and an abundance of highly expressed fungal secreted proteins.

Ambrose Karen V KV Belanger Faith C FC

PloS one 20121228 12

One of the most important plant-fungal symbiotic relationships is that of cool season grasses with endophytic fungi of the genera Epichloë and Neotyphodium. These associations often confer benefits, such as resistance to herbivores and improved drought tolerance, to the hosts. One benefit that appears to be unique to fine fescue grasses is disease resistance. As a first step towards understanding the basis of the endophyte-mediated disease resistance in Festuca rubra we carried out a SOLiD-SAGE ...[more]

PMID: 23285269

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Project description:Tall fescue KY-31 is an important primary forage for beef cattle. It carries a fungal endophyte that produces ergovaline, the main cause of tall fescue toxicosis that leads to major revenue loss for livestock producers. The MaxQ, an engineered cultivar, hosts an ergovaline nonproducing strain of the fungus and consequently is nontoxic. However, it is less attractive economically. It is not known how rumen microbiome processes these two forages towards nutrient generation and ergovaline transformation. We have analysed the rumen microbiome compositions of cattle that grazed MaxQ with an intervening KY-31 grazing period using the 16S rRNA-V4 element as an identifier and found that KY-31 remodelled the microbiome substantially, encompassing both cellulolytic and saccharolytic functions. The effect was not evident at the whole microbiome levels but was identified by analysing the sessile and planktonic fractions separately. A move from MaxQ to KY-31 lowered the Firmicutes abundance in the sessile fraction and increased it in planktonic part and caused an opposite effect for Bacteroidetes, although the total abundances of these dominant rumen organisms remained unchanged. The abundances of Fibrobacter , which degrades less degradable fibres, and certain cellulolytic Firmicutes such as Pseudobutyrivibrio and Butyrivibrio 2, dropped in the sessile fraction, and these losses were apparently compensated by increased occurrences of Eubacterium and specific Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae . A return to MaxQ restored the original Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes distributions. However, several KY-31 induced changes, such as the low abundance of Fibrobacter and Butyrivibrio two remained in place, and their substitutes maintained significant presence. The rumen microbiome was distinct from previously reported faecal microbiomes. In summary, KY-31 and MaxQ were digested in the cattle rumen with distinct consortia and the KY-31-specific features were dominant. The study also identified candidate ergovaline transforming bacteria. It highlighted the importance of analysing sessile and planktonic fractions separately.

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Dataset Information

SOLiD-SAGE of endophyte-infected red fescue reveals numerous effects on host transcriptome and an abundance of highly expressed fungal secreted proteins.

Publications

SOLiD-SAGE of endophyte-infected red fescue reveals numerous effects on host transcriptome and an abundance of highly expressed fungal secreted proteins.

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