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Comparative proteomics analysis of mice lymphocytes in early stages of infection by different strains of rabies virus.

ABSTRACT: The CNS immune response to rabies virus has been shown to be influenced by virulence of the virus strains. There is no comprehensive report of the peripheral immune response against different strains of rabies virus. In this report we used a comparative proteome analysis to find the early events in the spleen lymphocytes of mice infected by a street strain and an attenuated strain of the rabies virus. Differentially expressed proteins were identified which play important biological roles such as T and B lymphocyte activation (coronin 1), antiviral activity (peroxiredoxin 1), and cytoskeletal reorganization (cofilin 1). These results could be strong hints of early divergence on peripheral immune response under influence of viral strain and their pathogenicity.

SUBMITTER: Vaziri B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3550792 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparative proteomics analysis of mice lymphocytes in early stages of infection by different strains of rabies virus.

Vaziri Behrouz B Torkashvand Fatemeh F Eslami Naser N Fayaz Ahmad A

Indian journal of virology : an official organ of Indian Virological Society 20120802 3

The CNS immune response to rabies virus has been shown to be influenced by virulence of the virus strains. There is no comprehensive report of the peripheral immune response against different strains of rabies virus. In this report we used a comparative proteome analysis to find the early events in the spleen lymphocytes of mice infected by a street strain and an attenuated strain of the rabies virus. Differentially expressed proteins were identified which play important biological roles such as ...[more]

PMID: 24293818

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Different from three clonal lineages of Toxoplasma gondii in North America and Europe, the genotype China 1 is predominantly prevalent in China. However, there are different virulent isolates within China 1, such as virulent TgCtwh3 and avirulent TgCtwh6, and little is known about differences in macrophage activation between them. The objective of this study focused on cytokine production, phenotype and markers of activated macrophages, and correlated signaling pathway induced by the two isolates. METHODS: Adherent peritoneal macrophages (termed Wh3-M? and Wh6-M?, respectively) harvested from infected mice were cultured for detection of Nitric Oxide and arginase activity, and activated markers on Wh3-M?/Wh6-M? were determined by flow cytometry. In in vitro experiments, the levels of IL-12p40 and TNF-? were measured using ELISA kits, and mRNA expressions of IL-12p40, TNF-?, iNOS, Arg-1 and Ym1 were assayed by real-time PCR. To confirm the activation state of NF-kB p65 in infected cells stained by IF, protein levels of iNOS, Arg-1, Ym1, nuclear NF-?B p65, and phosphorylation of STAT6/STAT3/I?B? were evaluated by Western Blotting. A one-way ANOVA test was used to compare differences among multiple groups. RESULTS: The result revealed that contrary to the virulent TgCtwh3, the less virulent TgCtwh6 isolate induced a significant increase in IL-12p40 and TNF-?. Although both isolates down-regulated CD80, CD86 and MHCII molecule expression on macrophages, TgCtwh3 promoted up-regulation of PD-L2 and CD206. Wh6-M? generated a high level of NO whereas Wh3-M? up-regulated Ym1 and arginase expression at transcriptional and protein levels. In terms of signaling pathway, TgCtwh3 induced phospho-STAT6, conversely, TgCtWh6 led to NF-?B p65 activation. CONCLUSIONS: The virulent TgCtwh3 isolate induced macrophages to polarize toward alternatively activated cells with STAT6 phosphorylation, whereas the less virulent TgCtwh6 elicited the development of classically activated macrophages with nuclear translocation of NF-?B p65. This discrepancy suggests that it is necessary to thoroughly analyze the genotype of TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6, and to further study other effector molecules that contribute to the macrophage polarization in T. gondii.

Project description:Antler is a special bone tissue that has the ability to regenerate completely periodically. It is the fastest growing bone in the animal kingdom. Antler provides a valuable research model for bone growth and mineralization. Antler grows longitudinally by endochondral ossification with their growth center located in its tip. Many scholars have carried out detailed studies on morphology and gene expression of antler tip. However, few scholars have analyzed the protein expression patterns of antler tip at different development stages. This study used label-free proteomics approach to analyze the protein expression dynamics of the antler tip in six developmental periods (15, 25, 45, 65, 100 and 130 days after the previous antler cast) and costal cartilage. In result, 2052 proteins were confidently quantified, including 1937 antler proteins and 1044 costal cartilage proteins. Moreover, 913 antler core proteins and 132 antler-special proteins were obtained. Besides, the stages special proteins and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in different development stages were analyzed. A total of 875 DEPs were determined by one-way AVOVA. It is found that the growth period (15, 25, 45 and 65 days) showed more up-regulated protein including several chondrogenesis-associated proteins (collagen types II, collagen types XI, HAPLN1, PAPSS1 and PAPSS2). In ossification stages, the up-regulated proteins related with lysosome (CTSD, CTSB, MMP9, CAII) indicated that the antler has higher bone remodeling activity. Given the up-regulated expression of immune-related molecules (S100A7, CATHL7, LTF, AZU1, ELANE and MPO), we speculate that the local immune system may contribute to the ossification of antler tip. In conclusion, proteomics technology was used to deeply analyze the protein expression patterns of antler at different development stages. This provides a strong support for the research on the molecular regulation mechanism of rapid growth and ossification of velvet antler.

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Comparative proteomics analysis of mice lymphocytes in early stages of infection by different strains of rabies virus.

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Comparative proteomics analysis of mice lymphocytes in early stages of infection by different strains of rabies virus.

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