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ISPD gene mutations are a common cause of congenital and limb-girdle muscular dystrophies.

ABSTRACT: Dystroglycanopathies are a clinically and genetically diverse group of recessively inherited conditions ranging from the most severe of the congenital muscular dystrophies, Walker-Warburg syndrome, to mild forms of adult-onset limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Their hallmark is a reduction in the functional glycosylation of ?-dystroglycan, which can be detected in muscle biopsies. An important part of this glycosylation is a unique O-mannosylation, essential for the interaction of ?-dystroglycan with extracellular matrix proteins such as laminin-?2. Mutations in eight genes coding for proteins in the glycosylation pathway are responsible for ?50% of dystroglycanopathy cases. Despite multiple efforts using traditional positional cloning, the causative genes for unsolved dystroglycanopathy cases have escaped discovery for several years. In a recent collaborative study, we discovered that loss-of-function recessive mutations in a novel gene, called isoprenoid synthase domain containing (ISPD), are a relatively common cause of Walker-Warburg syndrome. In this article, we report the involvement of the ISPD gene in milder dystroglycanopathy phenotypes ranging from congenital muscular dystrophy to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and identified allelic ISPD variants in nine cases belonging to seven families. In two ambulant cases, there was evidence of structural brain involvement, whereas in seven, the clinical manifestation was restricted to a dystrophic skeletal muscle phenotype. Although the function of ISPD in mammals is not yet known, mutations in this gene clearly lead to a reduction in the functional glycosylation of ?-dystroglycan, which not only causes the severe Walker-Warburg syndrome but is also a common cause of the milder forms of dystroglycanopathy.

SUBMITTER: Cirak S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3562076 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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ISPD gene mutations are a common cause of congenital and limb-girdle muscular dystrophies.

Cirak Sebahattin S Foley Aileen Reghan AR Herrmann Ralf R Willer Tobias T Yau Shu S Stevens Elizabeth E Torelli Silvia S Brodd Lina L Kamynina Alisa A Vondracek Petr P Roper Helen H Longman Cheryl C Korinthenberg Rudolf R Marrosu Gianni G Nürnberg Peter P Michele Daniel E DE Plagnol Vincent V Hurles Matt M Moore Steven A SA Sewry Caroline A CA Campbell Kevin P KP Voit Thomas T Muntoni Francesco F

Brain : a journal of neurology 20130103 Pt 1

Dystroglycanopathies are a clinically and genetically diverse group of recessively inherited conditions ranging from the most severe of the congenital muscular dystrophies, Walker-Warburg syndrome, to mild forms of adult-onset limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Their hallmark is a reduction in the functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan, which can be detected in muscle biopsies. An important part of this glycosylation is a unique O-mannosylation, essential for the interaction of α-dystroglycan w ...[more]

PMID: 23288328

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Project description:Background: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a group of inherited neuromuscular disorders characterized by atrophy and weakness in the shoulders and hips. Over 30 subtypes have been described in five dominant (LGMD type 1 or LGMDD) and 27 recessive (LGMD type 2 or LGMDR). Each subtype involves a mutation in a single gene and has high heterogeneity in age of onset, expression, progression, and prognosis. In addition, the lack of understanding of the disease and the vague, nonspecific symptoms of LGMD subtypes make diagnosis difficult. Even as next-generation sequencing (NGS) genetic testing has become commonplace, some patients remain undiagnosed for many years. Methods: To identify LGMD-associated mutations, Targeted sequencing was performed in the patients and Sanger sequencing was performed in patients and family members. The in silico analysis tools such as Fathmm, M-CAP, Mutation Taster, PolyPhen 2, PROVEAN, REVEL, SIFT, MaxEntScan, Spliceailookup, Human Splicing Finder, NetGene2, and Fruitfly were used to predict the influence of the novel mutations. The pathogenicity of the mutation was interpreted according to the ACMG guidelines. Results: In this study, six patients from four different Vietnamese families were collected for genetic analysis at The Center for Gene and Protein Research and The Department of Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam. Based on clinical symptoms and serum creatine kinase (CK) levels, the patients were diagnosed with limb-girdle muscular dystrophies. Five mutations, including four (c.229C>T, p.Arg77Cys; exon one to three deletion; c.983 + 5G>C; and c.257_258insTGGCT, p.Phe88Leufs*125) in the SGCA gene and one (c.946-4_946-1delACAG) in the CAPN3 gene, were detected in six LGMD patients from four unrelated Vietnamese families. Two homozygous mutations (c.983 + 5G>C and c.257_258insTGGCT) in the SGCA gene were novel. These mutations were identified as the cause of the disease in the patients. Conclusion: Our results contribute to the general understanding of the etiology of the disease and provide the basis for definitive diagnosis and support genetic counseling and prenatal screening.

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ISPD gene mutations are a common cause of congenital and limb-girdle muscular dystrophies.

Publications

ISPD gene mutations are a common cause of congenital and limb-girdle muscular dystrophies.

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