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Cyanide antidotes for mass casualties: water-soluble salts of the dithiane (sulfanegen) from 3-mercaptopyruvate for intramuscular administration.

ABSTRACT: Current cyanide antidotes are administered by IV infusion, which is suboptimal for mass casualties. Therefore, in a cyanide disaster, intramuscular (IM) injectable antidotes would be more appropriate. We report the discovery of the highly water-soluble sulfanegen triethanolamine as a promising lead for development as an IM injectable cyanide antidote.

SUBMITTER: Patterson SE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3575131 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cyanide antidotes for mass casualties: water-soluble salts of the dithiane (sulfanegen) from 3-mercaptopyruvate for intramuscular administration.

Patterson Steven E SE Monteil Alexandre R AR Cohen Jonathan F JF Crankshaw Daune L DL Vince Robert R Nagasawa Herbert T HT

Journal of medicinal chemistry 20130130 3

Current cyanide antidotes are administered by IV infusion, which is suboptimal for mass casualties. Therefore, in a cyanide disaster, intramuscular (IM) injectable antidotes would be more appropriate. We report the discovery of the highly water-soluble sulfanegen triethanolamine as a promising lead for development as an IM injectable cyanide antidote. ...[more]

PMID: 23301495

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Project description:Water soluble carbohydrates (WSC, composed of mainly fructans, sucrose, glucose and fructose) deposited in wheat stems are important carbon sources for grain filling. Variation in stem WSC concentrations among wheat genotypes is one of the genetic factors influencing grain weight and yield under water-limited environments. Here, we describe the molecular dissection of carbohydrate metabolism in stems, at the WSC accumulation phase, of recombinant inbred SB (Seri/Babax) lines of Triticum aestivum differing in stem WSC concentrations. Affymetrix GeneChip analysis of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes revealed that the mRNA levels of two fructan synthetic enzyme families (sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase and sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase) in the stem were positively correlated with stem WSC and fructan concentrations, while the mRNA levels of enzyme families involved in sucrose hydrolysis (sucrose synthase and soluble acid invertase) were inversely correlated with WSC concentrations. Differential regulation of the mRNA levels of these sucrose hydrolytic enzymes in SB lines resulted in genotypic differences in these enzyme activities. Down-regulation of sucrose synthase and soluble acid invertase in high WSC lines was accompanied by significant decreases in the mRNA levels of enzyme families related to sugar catabolic pathways (fructokinase and mitochondrion pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) and enzyme families involved in diverting UDP-glucose to cell wall synthesis (UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase, UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase and cellulose synthase), resulting in a reduction in cell wall polysaccharide contents (mainly hemicellulose) in the stem of high WSC lines. These data suggest that differential carbon partitioning in the wheat stem is one mechanism that contributes to genotypic variation in WSC accumulation. We used Affymetrix GeneChip to dissect genotypic variation in carbohydrate metabolism related to water soluble carbohydrate accumulation in stems of wheat. Keywords: Genotypic differences in water soluble carbohydrate metabolism in stem

Dataset Information

Cyanide antidotes for mass casualties: water-soluble salts of the dithiane (sulfanegen) from 3-mercaptopyruvate for intramuscular administration.

Publications

Cyanide antidotes for mass casualties: water-soluble salts of the dithiane (sulfanegen) from 3-mercaptopyruvate for intramuscular administration.

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