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Resistance to the novel fungicide pyrimorph in Phytophthora capsici: risk assessment and detection of point mutations in CesA3 that confer resistance.

ABSTRACT: Pyrimorph is a novel fungicide with high activity against the plant pathogen Phytophthora capsici. We investigated the risk that P. capsici can develop resistance to pyrimorph. The baseline sensitivities of 226 P. capsici isolates, tested by mycelial growth inhibition, showed a unimodal distribution with a mean EC(50) value of 1.4261 (± 0.4002) µg/ml. Twelve pyrimorph-resistant mutants were obtained by repeated exposure to pyrimorph in vitro with a frequency of approximately 1 × 10(-4). The resistance factors of the mutants ranged from 10.67 to 56.02. Pyrimorph resistance of the mutants was stable after 10 transfers on pyrimorph-free medium. Fitness in sporulation, cystospore germination, and pathogenicity in the pyrimorph-resistant mutants was similar to or less than that in the parental wild-type isolates. On detached pepper leaves and pepper plants treated with the recommended maximum dose of pyrimorph, however, virulence was greater for mutants with a high level of pyrimorph resistance than for the wild type. The results suggest that the risk of P. capsici developing resistance to pyrimorph is low to moderate. Among mutants with a high level of pyrimorph resistance, EC(50) values for pyrimorph and CAA fungicides flumorph, dimethomorph, and mandipropamid were positively correlated. This indicated that point mutations in cellulose synthase 3 (CesA3) may confer resistance to pyrimorph. Comparison of CesA3 in isolates with a high level of pyrimorph resistance and parental isolates showed that an amino acid change from glutamine to lysine at position 1077 resulted in stable, high resistance in the mutants. Based on the point mutations, an allele-specific PCR method was developed to detect pyrimorph resistance in P. capsici populations.

SUBMITTER: Pang Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3576395 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Resistance to the novel fungicide pyrimorph in Phytophthora capsici: risk assessment and detection of point mutations in CesA3 that confer resistance.

Pang Zhili Z Shao Jingpeng J Chen Lei L Lu Xiaohong X Hu Jian J Qin Zhaohai Z Liu Xili X

PloS one 20130219 2

Pyrimorph is a novel fungicide with high activity against the plant pathogen Phytophthora capsici. We investigated the risk that P. capsici can develop resistance to pyrimorph. The baseline sensitivities of 226 P. capsici isolates, tested by mycelial growth inhibition, showed a unimodal distribution with a mean EC(50) value of 1.4261 (± 0.4002) µg/ml. Twelve pyrimorph-resistant mutants were obtained by repeated exposure to pyrimorph in vitro with a frequency of approximately 1 × 10(-4). The resi ...[more]

PMID: 23431382

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Project description:Phytophthora capsica is a destructive oomycete plant pathogen that causes huge losses to crop production worldwide. However, the novel fungicide SYP-14288 has shown excellent activity against various stages of the oomycete life cycle as well against fungal plant pathogens. The current study utilized isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation technology to generate proteome profiles of P. capsici in the presence or absence of SYP-14288 in order to gain a greater understanding of the SYP-14288 mode of action. A total of 1,443 individual proteins were identified during the investigation, of which 599 were considered to have significantly altered expression. Further investigation using Cluster of Orthologous Groups of proteins analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated most of the proteins with altered expression were associated with carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism and their downstream biological functions, especially with regard to oxidoreductase activity and subsequent adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production associated pathways. Quantitative expression analysis using qRT-PCR validated the proteomic data. These results seem to indicate that SYP-14288 treatment caused a shift in energy metabolism that resulted in the activation of compensatory mechanisms affecting carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The study also found evidence that the up-regulation of transmembrane transporters and proteins associated with stress response might also be coopted to compensate for the disrupted proton gradient and other downstream effects. Taken together these results provide strong evidence that SYP-14288 has a similar mode of action to the oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler Fluazinam but further investigation, including molecular studies, is required to completely characterize the SYP-14288 mode of action in P. capsici. However, the proteomic data collected in the current study does provide important insight into the overall effect of SYP-14288 in P. capsici, which could be useful for the registration and application of this novel fungicide.

Dataset Information

Resistance to the novel fungicide pyrimorph in Phytophthora capsici: risk assessment and detection of point mutations in CesA3 that confer resistance.

Publications

Resistance to the novel fungicide pyrimorph in Phytophthora capsici: risk assessment and detection of point mutations in CesA3 that confer resistance.

Similar Datasets

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