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Analysis of a novel highly metastatic melanoma cell line identifies osteopontin as a new lymphangiogenic factor.

ABSTRACT: Tumor cell invasion and metastasis are hallmarks of malignancy. Despite recent advances in the understanding of lymphatic spread, the mechanisms by which tumors metastasize to sentinel/distant lymph nodes and beyond are poorly understood. To gain new insights into this complex process, we established highly metastatic melanoma cell lines by in vivo passaging the B16 parental cell line through the lymphatic system. In this study we characterized morphology, rate of cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, tumorigenicity, lymph flow, and capacities to induce tumor- and sentinel lymph node-lymphangiogenesis. Furthermore, microarray-based comparative analysis between parental and passaged cell lines was performed to identify specific gene expression profiles. The most differentially expressed gene was SPP (osteopontin), a secreted glycophosphoprotein which is known to be involved in cancer metastasis. Overexpression of osteopontin in B16 F1-variant was confirmed by western blot analysis and quantitative RT-PCR. Treatment of cultured lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) with osteopontin promoted cell migration mediated by the integrin ?9 pathway. Our results identify osteopontin as a novel lymphangiogenic factor.

SUBMITTER: Liersch R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3583651 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Analysis of a novel highly metastatic melanoma cell line identifies osteopontin as a new lymphangiogenic factor.

Liersch Ruediger R Shin Jay W JW Bayer Michael M Schwöppe Christian C Schliemann Christoph C Berdel Wolfgang E WE Mesters Rolf R Detmar Michael M

International journal of oncology 20120706 4

Tumor cell invasion and metastasis are hallmarks of malignancy. Despite recent advances in the understanding of lymphatic spread, the mechanisms by which tumors metastasize to sentinel/distant lymph nodes and beyond are poorly understood. To gain new insights into this complex process, we established highly metastatic melanoma cell lines by in vivo passaging the B16 parental cell line through the lymphatic system. In this study we characterized morphology, rate of cell proliferation, colony form ...[more]

PMID: 22797548

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Project description:Tumor cell invasion and metastasis are hallmarks of malignancy. Despite recent advances in the understanding of lymphatic spread, the mechanisms by which tumors metastasize to sentinel/distant lymph nodes and beyond are poorly understood. To gain new insights into this complex process, we established a highly metastatic melanoma cell line (B16F1-variant) by in vivo passaging the B16 parental cell line through the lymphatic system. Here, we characterized morphology, rate of cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, tumorogenicity, lymph flow, and capacities to induce tumor- and sentinel lymph node- lymphangiogenesis. Furthermore, microarray-based comparative analysis bewteen parental and passaged cell lines was performed to identify specific gene expression profiles. The most differentially expressed gene was SPP (osteopontin), a secreted glycophosphoprotein which is known to be involved in cancer metastasis. Overexpression of osteopontin in B16 F1-variant was confirmed by Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR. Treatment of cultured lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) with osteopontin promoted cell migration mediated by the integrin α9 pathway. Our results identify osteopontin as a novel lymphangiogenic factor. B16 and B16 variants were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY) supplemented with antibiotic-antimycotic solution. Every B16 variant was cultured in duplicates. Total cellular RNA was isolated using the Trizol reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) extracted with chloroform, precipitated with isopropanol, washed with 70% ethanol, and dissolved in DNase-free/RNase-free distilled water. The concentration of RNA was measured using NanoDrop ND-1000 spectrophotometer (Witec AG, Littau, Switzerland) and RNA quality was assessed using 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA). Digoxigenin-UTP–labeled cRNA was generated and amplified from 500ng of total RNA using the NanoAmp RT-IVT Labeling Kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) following the manufacturer's protocol, and was hybridized to Applied Biosystems Mouse Genome Survey Microarrays V2.0. Chemiluminescence detection, image acquisition, and analysis were performed using the Chemiluminescence Detection Kit (Applied Biosystems) and the Applied Biosystems 1700 Chemiluminescent Microarray Analyzer following the manufacturer's protocol. A total of two biological replicates were generated for each B16 variant and each cell line data consisted of pooled RNA of two diffferent passage numbers.

Project description:PurposeTherapies that produce deep and durable responses in patients with metastatic melanoma are needed. This phase II cohort from the international, single-arm PIVOT-02 study evaluated the CD122-preferential interleukin-2 pathway agonist bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG) plus nivolumab (NIVO) in first-line metastatic melanoma.MethodsA total of 41 previously untreated patients with stage III/IV melanoma received BEMPEG 0.006 mg/kg plus NIVO 360 mg once every 3 weeks for ≤ 2 years; 38 were efficacy-evaluable (≥ 1 postbaseline scan). Primary end points were safety and objective response rate (blinded independent central review); other end points included progression-free survival, overall survival (OS), and exploratory biomarkers.ResultsAt 29.0 months' median follow-up, the objective response rate was 52.6% (20 of 38 patients), and the complete response rate was 34.2% (13 of 38 patients). Median change in size of target lesions from baseline was -78.5% (response-evaluable population); 47.4% (18 of 38 patients) experienced complete clearance of target lesions. Median progression-free survival was 30.9 months (95% CI, 5.3 to not estimable). Median OS was not reached; the 24-month OS rate was 77.0% (95% CI, 60.4 to 87.3). Grade 3 and 4 treatment-related and immune-mediated adverse events occurred in 17.1% (7 of 41) and 4.9% (2 of 41) of patients, respectively. Increased polyfunctional responses in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were seen in blood after treatment, driven by cytokines with effector functions. Early on-treatment blood biomarkers (CD8+ polyfunctional strength difference and eosinophils) correlated with treatment response.ConclusionBEMPEG in combination with NIVO was tolerated, with relatively low rates of grade 3 and 4 treatment-related and immune-mediated adverse events. The combination had encouraging antitumor activity in first-line metastatic melanoma, including an extended median progression-free survival. Exploratory analyses associated noninvasive, on-treatment biomarkers with response, before radiologic evidence was observed.

Dataset Information

Analysis of a novel highly metastatic melanoma cell line identifies osteopontin as a new lymphangiogenic factor.

Publications

Analysis of a novel highly metastatic melanoma cell line identifies osteopontin as a new lymphangiogenic factor.

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