Dataset Information

Animals in a bacterial world, a new imperative for the life sciences.

ABSTRACT: In the last two decades, the widespread application of genetic and genomic approaches has revealed a bacterial world astonishing in its ubiquity and diversity. This review examines how a growing knowledge of the vast range of animal-bacterial interactions, whether in shared ecosystems or intimate symbioses, is fundamentally altering our understanding of animal biology. Specifically, we highlight recent technological and intellectual advances that have changed our thinking about five questions: how have bacteria facilitated the origin and evolution of animals; how do animals and bacteria affect each other's genomes; how does normal animal development depend on bacterial partners; how is homeostasis maintained between animals and their symbionts; and how can ecological approaches deepen our understanding of the multiple levels of animal-bacterial interaction. As answers to these fundamental questions emerge, all biologists will be challenged to broaden their appreciation of these interactions and to include investigations of the relationships between and among bacteria and their animal partners as we seek a better understanding of the natural world.

SUBMITTER: McFall-Ngai M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3587249 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Animals in a bacterial world, a new imperative for the life sciences.

McFall-Ngai Margaret M Hadfield Michael G MG Bosch Thomas C G TC Carey Hannah V HV Domazet-Lošo Tomislav T Douglas Angela E AE Dubilier Nicole N Eberl Gerard G Fukami Tadashi T Gilbert Scott F SF Hentschel Ute U King Nicole N Kjelleberg Staffan S Knoll Andrew H AH Kremer Natacha N Mazmanian Sarkis K SK Metcalf Jessica L JL Nealson Kenneth K Pierce Naomi E NE Rawls John F JF Reid Ann A Ruby Edward G EG Rumpho Mary M Sanders Jon G JG Tautz Diethard D Wernegreen Jennifer J JJ

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20130207 9

In the last two decades, the widespread application of genetic and genomic approaches has revealed a bacterial world astonishing in its ubiquity and diversity. This review examines how a growing knowledge of the vast range of animal-bacterial interactions, whether in shared ecosystems or intimate symbioses, is fundamentally altering our understanding of animal biology. Specifically, we highlight recent technological and intellectual advances that have changed our thinking about five questions: h ...[more]

PMID: 23391737

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Project description:BackgroundThe web has seen an explosion of chemistry and biology related resources in the last 15 years: thousands of scientific journals, databases, wikis, blogs and resources are available with a wide variety of types of information. There is a huge need to aggregate and organise this information. However, the sheer number of resources makes it unrealistic to link them all in a centralised manner. Instead, search engines to find information in those resources flourish, and formal languages like Resource Description Framework and Web Ontology Language are increasingly used to allow linking of resources. A recent development is the use of userscripts to change the appearance of web pages, by on-the-fly modification of the web content. This opens possibilities to aggregate information and computational results from different web resources into the web page of one of those resources.ResultsSeveral userscripts are presented that enrich biology and chemistry related web resources by incorporating or linking to other computational or data sources on the web. The scripts make use of Greasemonkey-like plugins for web browsers and are written in JavaScript. Information from third-party resources are extracted using open Application Programming Interfaces, while common Universal Resource Locator schemes are used to make deep links to related information in that external resource. The userscripts presented here use a variety of techniques and resources, and show the potential of such scripts.ConclusionThis paper discusses a number of userscripts that aggregate information from two or more web resources. Examples are shown that enrich web pages with information from other resources, and show how information from web pages can be used to link to, search, and process information in other resources. Due to the nature of userscripts, scientists are able to select those scripts they find useful on a daily basis, as the scripts run directly in their own web browser rather than on the web server. This flexibility allows the scientists to tune the features of web resources to optimise their productivity.

Dataset Information

Animals in a bacterial world, a new imperative for the life sciences.

Publications

Animals in a bacterial world, a new imperative for the life sciences.

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