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Bosentan monohydrate.

ABSTRACT: In the title compound, C27H29N5O6S·H2O {systematic name: 4-tert-butyl-N-[6-(2-hy-droxy-eth-oxy)-5-(2-meth-oxy-phen-oxy)-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzene-1-sulfonamide monohydrate], the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the pyrimidine rings is 27.0?(1)°. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the benzene rings is 47.7?(8)°, forming a U-shaped channel around the chain of twisted pyrimidine rings. The crystal packing is stabilized by O-H?O, O-H?N and N-H?O hydrogen bonds with a single water mol-ecule, and weak O-H?N inter-molecular inter-actions between the hy-droxy group and one of the pyrimidine rings producing an two-dimensional supra-molecular array in the bc plane. The title compound studied was a merohedral twin with the major component being approximately 57%.

SUBMITTER: Kaur M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3588285 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bosentan monohydrate.

Kaur Manpreet M Jasinski Jerry P JP Keeley Amanda C AC Yathirajan H S HS Betz Richard R Gerber Thomas T Butcher Ray J RJ

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20121205 Pt 1

In the title compound, C27H29N5O6S·H2O {systematic name: 4-tert-butyl-N-[6-(2-hy-droxy-eth-oxy)-5-(2-meth-oxy-phen-oxy)-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzene-1-sulfonamide monohydrate], the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the pyrimidine rings is 27.0 (1)°. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the benzene rings is 47.7 (8)°, forming a U-shaped channel around the chain of twisted pyrimidine rings. The crystal packing is stabilized by O-H⋯O, O-H⋯N and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds with ...[more]

PMID: 23476382

Similar Datasets

Studies on the Vitrified and Cryomilled Bosentan.

Project description:In this paper, several experimental techniques [X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and broad-band dielectric spectroscopy] have been applied to characterize the structural and thermal properties, H-bonding pattern, and molecular dynamics of amorphous bosentan (BOS) obtained by vitrification and cryomilling of the monohydrate crystalline form of this drug. Samples prepared by these two methods were found to be similar with regard to their internal structure, H-bonding scheme, and structural (α) dynamics in the supercooled liquid state. However, based on the analysis of α-relaxation times (dielectric measurements) predicted for temperatures below the glass-transition temperature (Tg), as well as DSC thermograms, it was concluded that the cryoground sample is more aged (and probably more physically stable) compared to the vitrified one. Interestingly, such differences in physical properties turned out to be reflected in the lower intrinsic dissolution rate of BOS obtained by cryomilling (in the first 15 min of dissolution test) in comparison to the vitrified drug. Furthermore, we showed that cryogrinding of the crystalline BOS monohydrate leads to the formation of a nearly anhydrous amorphous sample. This finding, different from that reported by Megarry et al. [ Carbohydr. Res. 2011, 346, 1061-1064] for trehalose (TRE), was revealed on the basis of infrared and thermal measurements. Finally, two various hypotheses explaining water removal upon cryomilling have been discussed in the manuscript.

| S-EPMC8728735 | biostudies-literature

Treatment of thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) with bosentan.

Project description:This study assessed the effectiveness and safety of bosentan when administered to thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) patients.A clinical pilot study was designed in which patients with ulcer and/or pain at rest were treated with bosentan p.o. at a dose of 62.5 mg twice daily during the first month, which was thereafter up-titrated to 125 mg twice daily. The study endpoints were clinical improvement rate, major or minor amputation rate, haemodynamic changes, changes in endothelial function and angiographic changes.Seven out of 12 patients were male (58%). Median age was 39 years (range 29-49). The median follow-up was 20 months (range 11-40). All patients were smokers. With bosentan treatment, new ischaemic lesions were observed in only one patient. Overall, clinical improvement was observed in 12 of the 13 extremities (92%). Only two out of 13 extremities underwent amputation (one major and one minor) after bosentan treatment. After being assessed by digital arteriography with subtraction or angio-magnetic resonance imaging, an increase of distal flow was observed in 10 out of the 12 patients. All patients experienced a statistically significant improvement in their BAFMD values (mean: 1.8 at baseline; 6.6 at the end of the treatment; 12.7 three months after the end of the treatment; p < 0.01).Bosentan treatment may result in an improvement of clinical, angiographic and endothelial function outcomes. Bosentan should be investigated further in the management of TAO patients. Larger studies are required to confirm these results.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01447550.

| S-EPMC3306190 | biostudies-literature

Association of CYP2C9*2 with bosentan-induced liver injury.

Project description:Bosentan (Tracleer) is an endothelin receptor antagonist prescribed for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Its use is limited by drug-induced liver injury (DILI). To identify genetic markers of DILI, association analyses were performed on 56 Caucasian PAH patients receiving bosentan. Twelve functional polymorphisms in five genes (ABCB11, ABCC2, CYP2C9, SLCO1B1, and SLCO1B3) implicated in bosentan pharmacokinetics were tested for associations with alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and DILI. After adjusting for body mass index, CYP2C9*2 was the only polymorphism associated with ALT, AST, and DILI (β = 2.16, P = 0.024; β = 1.92, P = 0.016; odds ratio 95% CI = 2.29-∞, P = 0.003, respectively). Bosentan metabolism by CYP2C9*2 in vitro was significantly reduced compared with CYP2C9*1 and was comparable to that by CYP2C9*3. These results suggest that CYP2C9*2 is a potential genetic marker for prediction of bosentan-induced liver injury and warrants investigation for the optimization of bosentan treatment.

| S-EPMC3834031 | biostudies-literature

Clarithromycin substantially increases steady-state bosentan exposure in healthy volunteers.

Project description:AimsThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 inhibitor clarithromycin on the pharmacokinetics of bosentan. We also aimed to evaluate the impact of CYP2C9 and SLCO1B1 (encoding for OATP1B1) genotypes and their combination.MethodsWe assessed the effect of the OATP and CYP3A inhibitor clarithromycin on bosentan pharmacokinetics at steady state and concurrently quantified changes of CYP3A activity using midazolam as a probe drug. Sixteen healthy volunteers received therapeutic doses of bosentan (125 mg twice daily) for 14 days and clarithromycin (500 mg twice daily) concomitantly for the last 4 days, and bosentan pharmacokinetics was assessed on days 1, 10 and 14.ResultsClarithromycin significantly increased bosentan area under the plasma concentration-time curve of the dosing interval 3.7-fold and peak concentration 3.8-fold in all participants irrespective of the genotype. Clarithromycin also reduced CYP3A activity (midazolam clearance) in all participants; however, these changes were not correlated to the changes of bosentan clearance.ConclusionsClarithromycin substantially increases the exposure to bosentan, suggesting that dose reductions may be necessary.

| S-EPMC3895355 | biostudies-literature

Cost Effectiveness of Bosentan for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Systematic Review.

Project description:ObjectivesAlthough many studies have reported on the cost-effectiveness of bosentan for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a systematic review of economic evaluations of bosentan is currently lacking. Objective evaluation of current pharmacoeconomic evidence can assist decision makers in determining the appropriate place in therapy of a new medication.MethodsSystematic literature searches were conducted in English-language databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, EconLit databases, and the Cochrane Library) and Chinese-language databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, and Chongqing VIP) to identify studies assessing the cost-effectiveness of bosentan for PAH treatments.ResultsA total of 8 published studies were selected for inclusion. Among them were two studies comparing bosentan with epoprostenol and treprostinil. Both results indicated that bosentan was more cost-effective than epoprostenol, while the results of bosentan and treprostinil were not consistent. Four studies compared bosentan with other endothelin receptor antagonists, which indicated ambrisentan might be the drug of choice for its economic advantages and improved safety profile. Only two economic evaluations provided data to compare bosentan versus sildenafil, and the results favored the use of sildenafil in PAH patients. Four studies compared bosentan with conventional, supportive, or palliative therapy, and whether bosentan was cost-effective was uncertain.ConclusionsBosentan may represent a more cost-effective option compared with epoprostenol and conventional or palliative therapy. There was unanimous agreement that bosentan was not a cost-effective front-line therapy compared with sildenafil and other endothelin receptor antagonists. However, high-quality cost-effectiveness analyses that utilize long-term follow-up data and have no conflicts of interest are still needed.

| S-EPMC6276424 | biostudies-literature

Omics-based responses induced by bosentan in human hepatoma HepaRG cell cultures.

Project description:Bosentan is well known to induce cholestatic liver toxicity in humans. The present study was set up to characterize the hepatotoxic effects of this drug at the transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic levels. For this purpose, human hepatoma-derived HepaRG cells were exposed to a number of concentrations of bosentan during different periods of time. Bosentan was found to functionally and transcriptionally suppress the bile salt export pump as well as to alter bile acid levels. Pathway analysis of both transcriptomics and proteomics data identified cholestasis as a major toxicological event. Transcriptomics results further showed several gene changes related to the activation of the nuclear farnesoid X receptor. Induction of oxidative stress and inflammation were also observed. Metabolomics analysis indicated changes in the abundance of specific endogenous metabolites related to mitochondrial impairment. The outcome of this study may assist in the further optimization of adverse outcome pathway constructs that mechanistically describe the processes involved in cholestatic liver injury.

| S-EPMC6173297 | biostudies-literature

Successful treatment with bosentan for severe digital ischaemia in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC1954684 | biostudies-literature

Sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate monohydrate (coenzyme M sodium salt monohydrate).

Project description:The 2-thio-ethanesulfonate anion is the smallest known coenzyme in nature (HS-CoM) and plays a key role in methano-genesis by anaerobic archaea, as well as in the oxidation of alkenes by Gram-negative and Gram-positive eubacteria. The title compound, Na(+)·C(2)H(5)O(3)S(2) (-)·H(2)O, is the Na(+) salt of HS-CoM crystallized as the monohydrate. Six O atoms form a distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry around the Na atom, at distances in the range 2.312 (4)-2.517 (3) Å. Two O atoms of the sulfonate group, one O atom of each of three other symmetry-related sulfonate groups plus the water O atom form the coordination environment of the Na(+) ion. This arrangement forms Na-O-Na layers in the crystal structure, parallel to (100).

| S-EPMC2959637 | biostudies-literature

Isovaline monohydrate.

Project description:The title compound, C5H11NO2·H2O, is an isomer of the ?-amino acid valine that crystallizes from water in its zwitterion form as a monohydrate. It is not one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids that are used in living systems and differs from the natural amino acids in that it has no ?-H atom. The compound exhibits hydrogen bonding between the water mol-ecule and the carboxyl-ate O atoms and an amine H atom. In addition, there are inter-molecular hydrogen-bonding inter-actions between the carboxyl-ate O atoms and amine H atoms. In the crystal, these extensive N-H?O and O-H?O hydrogen bonds lead to the formation of a three-dimensional network.

| S-EPMC3885077 | biostudies-literature

Raltegravir monohydrate.

Project description:THE HYDRATED TITLE COMPOUND [SYSTEMATIC NAME: N-(4-fluoro-benz-yl)-5-hy-droxy-1-methyl-2-{1-methyl-1-[(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxa-diazol-2-ylcarbon-yl)amino]-eth-yl}-6-oxo-1,6-di-hydro-pyrimidine-4-carb-oxamide monohydrate], C20H21FN6O5·H2O, is recognised as the first HIV integrase inhibitor. In the mol-ecule, the dihedral angles between the mean planes of the pyrimidine ring and the phenyl and oxa-diazole rings are 72.0 (1) and 61.8 (3)°, respectively. The mean plane of the oxa-diazole ring is twisted by 15.6 (3)° from that of the benzene ring, while the mean plane of amide group bound to the oxadiaole ring is twisted by 18.8 (3)° from its mean plane. Intra-molecular O-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds are observed in the mol-ecule. The crystal packing features O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which include bifurcated O-H⋯(O,O) hydrogen bonds from one H atom of the water mol-ecule. In addition, N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds are observed involving the two amide groups. These inter-actions link the mol-ecules into chains along [010].

| S-EPMC3885024 | biostudies-literature

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