(E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal has an antiproliferative effect on NSCLC cells induced by p38 MAPK-mediated suppression of NF-?B and up-regulation of TNFRSF10B (DR5).

ABSTRACT:

Background and purpose

The Maillard Reaction Products (MRPs) are known to be effective in chemoprevention. Here we focused on the anticancer effects of (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal (a MRP) on human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and its mechanism of action.

Experimental approach

We analysed the activity of (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal on NSCLC cells (NCI-H460 and A549) by use of Western blot analysis for major apoptotic proteins, MAPK, NF-?B and death receptor expression. We also used RT-PCR to determine its effects on death receptor mRNA expression, EMSA for effects on NF-?B DNA binding activity and colony formation assay for effects of inhibitors on (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal's actions.

Key results

(E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal induced a concentration (10-40 ?g·mL?¹)- and time (30 min-72 h)-dependent inhibitory effect on the growth of NSCLC cells due to induction of apoptosis. Concomitantly, it significantly increased the expression of apoptotic proteins such as cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, Bax and p53, but down-regulated the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, cIAP1 and cIAP2. This effect was induced by up-regulation of MAPK and death receptor proteins TNFRSF12, TNFRSF10B and TNFRSF21, but suppression of NF-?B. Of the death receptors activated, only TNFRSF10B knock down with siRNA reversed the effect of (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal. Even though all the MAPKs were activated, only pretreatment with a p38 MAPK inhibitor reversed (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal-induced cell growth inhibition, increase in cleaved caspase-3, -9 and TNFRSF10B expression, and NF-?B inactivation.

Conclusions and implications

(E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal induces apoptosis in NSCLC cells by p38 MAPK-mediated suppression of NF-?B and activation of TNFRSF10B, which then activates the caspase-3 and caspase-9 pathways.

SUBMITTER: Kollipara PS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3596651 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature