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Effects of jamming on nonequilibrium transport times in nanochannels.

ABSTRACT: Many biological channels perform highly selective transport without direct input of metabolic energy and without transitions from a "closed" to an "open" state during transport. Mechanisms of selectivity of such channels serve as an inspiration for creation of artificial nanomolecular sorting devices and biosensors. To elucidate the transport mechanisms, it is important to understand the transport on the single molecule level in the experimentally relevant regime when multiple particles are crowded in the channel. In this Letter we analyze the effects of interparticle crowding on the nonequilibrium transport times through a finite-length channel by means of analytical theory and computer simulations.

SUBMITTER: Zilman A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3604790 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of jamming on nonequilibrium transport times in nanochannels.

Zilman A A Pearson J J Bel G G

Physical review letters 20090917 12

Many biological channels perform highly selective transport without direct input of metabolic energy and without transitions from a "closed" to an "open" state during transport. Mechanisms of selectivity of such channels serve as an inspiration for creation of artificial nanomolecular sorting devices and biosensors. To elucidate the transport mechanisms, it is important to understand the transport on the single molecule level in the experimentally relevant regime when multiple particles are crow ...[more]

PMID: 19792464

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Project description:The electrokinetic behavior of molecules in nanochannels (<100?nm in length) have generated interest due to the unique transport properties observed that are not seen in microscale channels. These nanoscale dependent transport properties include transverse electromigration arising from partial electrical double layer overlap, enhanced solute/wall interactions due to the small channel diameter, and field-dependent intermittent motion produced by surface roughness. In this study, the electrokinetic transport properties of deoxynucleotide monophosphates (dNMPs) were investigated, including the effects of electric field strength, surface effects, and composition of the carrier electrolyte (ionic concentration and pH). The dNMPs were labeled with a fluorescent reporter (ATTO 532) to allow tracking of the electrokinetic transport of the dNMPs through a thermoplastic nanochannel fabricated via nanoimprinting (110?nm?×?110?nm, width?×?depth, and 100??m in length). We discovered that the transport properties in plastic nanochannels of the dye-labeled dNMPs produced differences in their apparent mobilities that were not seen using microscale columns. We built histograms for each dNMP from their apparent mobilities under different operating conditions and fit the histograms to Gaussian functions from which the separation resolution could be deduced as a metric to gage the ability to identify the molecule based on their apparent mobility. We found that the resolution ranged from 0.73 to 2.13?at pH?=?8.3. Changing the carrier electrolyte pH?>?10 significantly improved separation resolution (0.80-4.84) and reduced the standard deviation in the Gaussian fit to the apparent mobilities. At low buffer concentrations, decreases in separation resolution and increased standard deviations in Gaussian fits to the apparent mobilities of dNMPs were observed due to the increased thickness of the electric double layer leading to a partial parabolic flow profile. The results secured for the dNMPs in thermoplastic nanochannels revealed a high identification efficiency (>99%) in most cases for the dNMPs due to differences in their apparent mobilities when using nanochannels, which could not be achieved using microscale columns.

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Effects of jamming on nonequilibrium transport times in nanochannels.

Publications

Effects of jamming on nonequilibrium transport times in nanochannels.

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