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Physical activity, genes for physical fitness, and risk of coronary heart disease.

ABSTRACT: Both physical activity and physical fitness are associated with decreased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Our objective was to determine whether genes associated with physical fitness modify the association between physical activity and CHD.We conducted a prospective cohort study among 23,016 initially healthy women in the Women's Genome Health Study. Leisure time physical activity was reported at entry and during follow-up. A total of 58 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with physical fitness were identified from published literature and summed to create four separate genetic scores related to phenotypes of endurance, muscle strength, V?O2max, and overall fitness.During a median of 14.4 yr, 320 incident CHD events occurred. Increased physical activity was associated with lower CHD risk in multivariable-adjusted models (P = 0.0008). Independent of physical activity, only muscle strength genetic score was inversely associated with CHD risk (P = 0.05). There was no evidence that the inverse relation between physical activity and CHD was modified by any of the genetic scores for physical fitness. For overall fitness genetic score, the hazard ratio (HR) per 500 kcal·wk of physical activity was 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.72-1.00) in the highest quartile of genetic score and 0.79 (95% CI = 0.67-0.92) in the lowest quartile (P, interaction = 0.50). For V?O2max genetic score, the HR was 0.86 (95% CI = 0.72-1.02) and 0.84 (95% CI = 0.72-0.98), respectively (P, interaction = 0.59).In this large prospective cohort of women, genes associated with physical fitness did not modify the inverse association between physical activity and CHD risk.

SUBMITTER: Chomistek AK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3605203 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Physical activity, genes for physical fitness, and risk of coronary heart disease.

Chomistek Andrea K AK Chasman Daniel I DI Cook Nancy R NR Rimm Eric B EB Lee I-Min IM

Medicine and science in sports and exercise 20130401 4

<h4>Purpose</h4>Both physical activity and physical fitness are associated with decreased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Our objective was to determine whether genes associated with physical fitness modify the association between physical activity and CHD.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a prospective cohort study among 23,016 initially healthy women in the Women's Genome Health Study. Leisure time physical activity was reported at entry and during follow-up. A total of 58 single nucleotide poly ...[more]

PMID: 23073218

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Project description:Multiple studies have demonstrated strong associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and lower cardiovascular disease mortality. In contrast, little is known about associations of fitness with nonfatal cardiovascular events.Linking individual participant data from the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study with Medicare claims files, we studied 20642 participants (21% women) with fitness measured at the mean age of 49 years and who survived to receive Medicare coverage from 1999 to 2009. Fitness was categorized into age- and sex-specific quintiles (Q) according to Balke protocol treadmill time with Q1 as low fitness. Fitness was also estimated in metabolic equivalents according to treadmill time. Associations between midlife fitness and hospitalizations for heart failure and acute myocardial infarction after the age of 65 years were assessed by applying a proportional hazards model to the multivariate failure time data. After 133514 person-years of Medicare follow-up, we observed 1051 hospitalizations for heart failure and 832 hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction. Compared with high fitness (Q4-5), low fitness (Q1) was associated with a higher rate of heart failure hospitalization (14.3% versus 4.2%) and hospitalization for myocardial infarction (9.7% versus 4.5%). After multivariable adjustment for baseline age, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, smoking status, and total cholesterol, a 1 unit greater fitness level in metabolic equivalents achieved in midlife was associated with ?20% lower risk for heart failure hospitalization after the age of 65 years (men: hazard ratio [95% confidence intervals], 0.79 [0.75-0.83]; P<0.001 and women: 0.81 [0.68-0.96]; P=0.01) but just a 10% lower risk for acute myocardial infarction in men (0.91 [0.87-0.95]; P<0.001) and no association in women (0.97 [0.83-1.13]; P=0.68).Fitness in healthy, middle-aged adults is more strongly associated with heart failure hospitalization than acute myocardial infarction outcomes decades later in older age.

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Physical activity, genes for physical fitness, and risk of coronary heart disease.

Publications

Physical activity, genes for physical fitness, and risk of coronary heart disease.

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