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Androgen inhibits abdominal fat accumulation and negatively regulates the PCK1 gene in male chickens.

ABSTRACT: Capons are male chickens whose testes have been surgically incised. Capons show a significant increase in fat accumulation compared to intact male chickens. However, while caponization leads to a significant reduction in androgen levels in roosters, little is known about the molecular mechanisms through which androgen status affects lipogenesis in avian species. Therefore, investigation of the influence of androgens on fat accumulation in the chicken will provide insights into this process. In this study, Affymetrix microarray technology was used to analyze the gene expression profiles of livers from capons and intact male chickens because the liver is the major site of lipogenesis in avian species. Through gene ontology, we found that genes involved in hepatic lipogenic biosynthesis were the most highly enriched. Interestingly, among the upregulated genes, the cytosolic form of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) gene showed the greatest fold change. Additionally, in conjunction with quantitative real-time PCR data, our results suggested that androgen status negatively regulated the PCK1 gene in male chickens.

SUBMITTER: Duan J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3609855 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Androgen inhibits abdominal fat accumulation and negatively regulates the PCK1 gene in male chickens.

Duan Jinlin J Shao Fan F Shao Yonggang Y Li Junying J Ling Yao Y Teng Kedao K Li Hongwei H Wu Changxin C

PloS one 20130327 3

Capons are male chickens whose testes have been surgically incised. Capons show a significant increase in fat accumulation compared to intact male chickens. However, while caponization leads to a significant reduction in androgen levels in roosters, little is known about the molecular mechanisms through which androgen status affects lipogenesis in avian species. Therefore, investigation of the influence of androgens on fat accumulation in the chicken will provide insights into this process. In t ...[more]

PMID: 23544081

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Project description:Among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), visceral adiposity is associated with metabolic dysregulation and ectopic fat accumulation. Tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing hormone analog, specifically targets visceral fat reduction but its effects on liver fat are unknown.To investigate the effect of tesamorelin on visceral and liver fat.Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted among 50 antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected men and women with abdominal fat accumulation at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. The first patient was enrolled on January 10, 2011; for the final patient, the 6-month study visit was completed on September 6, 2013.Participants were randomized to receive tesamorelin, 2 mg (n=28), or placebo (n=22), subcutaneously daily for 6 months.Primary end points were changes in visceral adipose tissue and liver fat. Secondary end points included glucose levels and other metabolic end points.Forty-eight patients received treatment with study drug. Tesamorelin significantly reduced visceral adipose tissue (mean change, -34 cm2 [95% CI, -53 to -15 cm2] with tesamorelin vs 8 cm2 [95% CI, -14 to 30 cm2] with placebo; treatment effect, -42 cm2 [95% CI, -71 to -14 cm2]; P?=?.005) and liver fat (median change in lipid to water percentage, -2.0% [interquartile range {IQR}, -6.4% to 0.1%] with tesamorelin vs 0.9% [IQR, -0.6% to 3.7%] with placebo; P?=?.003) over 6 months, for a net treatment effect of -2.9% in lipid to water percentage. Fasting glucose increased in the tesamorelin group at 2 weeks (mean change, 9 mg/dL [95% CI, 5-13 mg/dL] vs 2 mg/dL [95% CI, -3 to 8 mg/dL] in the placebo group; treatment effect, 7 mg/dL [95% CI, 1-14 mg/dL]; P?=?.03), but changes at 6 months in fasting glucose (mean change, 4 mg/dL [95% CI, -2 to 10 mg/dL] with tesamorelin vs 2 mg/dL [95% CI, -4 to 7 mg/dL] with placebo; treatment effect, 2 mg/dL [95% CI, -6 to 10 mg/dL]; P?=?.72 overall across time points) and 2-hour glucose (mean change, -1 mg/dL [95% CI, -18 to 15 mg/dL] vs -8 mg/dL [95% CI, -24 to 8 mg/dL], respectively; treatment effect, 7 mg/dL [95% CI, -16 to 29 mg/dL]; P?=?.53 overall across time points) were not significant.In this preliminary study of HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation, tesamorelin administered for 6 months was associated with reductions in visceral fat and additionally with modest reductions in liver fat. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical importance and long-term consequences of these findings.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01263717.

Dataset Information

Androgen inhibits abdominal fat accumulation and negatively regulates the PCK1 gene in male chickens.

Publications

Androgen inhibits abdominal fat accumulation and negatively regulates the PCK1 gene in male chickens.

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