Dataset Information

Reproductive and hormonal factors and the risk of lung cancer: the EAGLE study.

ABSTRACT: Evidence about the role for reproductive and hormonal factors in the etiology of lung cancer in women is conflicting. To clarify this question, we examined 407 female cases and 499 female controls from the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology population-based case-control study. Subjects were interviewed in person using a computer-assisted personal interview to assess demographics, education, smoking history, medical history, occupational history, reproductive and hormonal factors. Associations of interest were investigated using logistic regression models, adjusted for catchment area and age (matching variables), cigarette smoking (status, pack-years and time since quitting). Additional confounding variables were investigated but did not substantially affect the results. We observed a reduced risk of lung cancer among women with later age at first live birth [?31 years: odds ratio (OR) = 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.31-1.06, p-trend = 0.05], later age at menopause (?51 years: OR = 0.49, 95%CI = 0.31-0.79, p-trend = 0.003) and longer reproductive periods (?41 years: OR = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.25-0.79, p-trend = 0.01). A reduced risk was also observed for hormone replacement therapy (OR = 0.63, 95%CI = 0.42-0.95, p = 0.03) and oral contraceptive use (OR = 0.67, 95%CI = 0.45-1.00, p = 0.05) but no trend with duration of use was detected. Menopausal status (both natural and induced) was associated with an augmented risk. No additional associations were identified for other reproductive variables. This study suggests that women who continue to produce estrogens have a lower lung cancer risk. Large studies with great number of never smoking women, biomarkers of estrogen and molecular classification of lung cancer are needed for a more comprehensive view of the association between reproductive factors and lung cancer risk.

SUBMITTER: Pesatori AC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3609937 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Reproductive and hormonal factors and the risk of lung cancer: the EAGLE study.

Pesatori Angela Cecilia AC Carugno Michele M Consonni Dario D Caporaso Neil E NE Wacholder Sholom S Tucker Margaret M Landi Maria Teresa MT

International journal of cancer 20121126 11

Evidence about the role for reproductive and hormonal factors in the etiology of lung cancer in women is conflicting. To clarify this question, we examined 407 female cases and 499 female controls from the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology population-based case-control study. Subjects were interviewed in person using a computer-assisted personal interview to assess demographics, education, smoking history, medical history, occupational history, reproductive and hormonal factors. A ...[more]

PMID: 23129166

Similar Datasets

Project description:ObjectiveCohort studies in Europe, but not in North-America, showed an association between exposure to outdoor particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) and lung cancer risk. Only a case-control study on lung cancer and PM10 in South Korea has so far been performed. For the first time in Europe we analyzed quantitatively this association using a case-control study design in highly polluted areas in Italy.MethodsThe Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology (EAGLE) study, a population-based case-control study performed in the period 2002-2005 in the Lombardy Region, north-west Italy, enrolled 2099 cases and 2120 controls frequency-matched for area of residence, gender, and age. For this study we selected subjects with complete active and passive smoking history living in the same municipality since 1980 until study enrollment. Fine resolution annual PM10 estimates obtained by applying land use regression modeling to satellite data calibrated with fixed site monitor measurements were used. We assigned each subject the PM10 average estimates for year 2000 based on enrollment address. We used logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for matching variables, education, smoking, and dietary and occupational variables.ResultsWe included 3473 subjects, 1665 cases (1318 men, 347 women) and 1808 controls (1368 men, 440 women), with PM10 individual levels ranging from 2.3 to 53.8 μg/m3 (mean: 46.3). We found increasing lung cancer risk with increasing PM10 category (P-value for trend: 0.04). The OR per 10 μg/m3 was 1.28 (95% CI: 0.95-1.72). The association appeared stronger for squamous cell carcinoma (OR 1.44, 95% CI: 0.90-2.29).ConclusionIn a population living in highly polluted areas in Italy, our study added suggestive evidence of a positive association between PM10 exposure and lung cancer risk. This study emphasizes the need to strengthen policies to reduce airborne pollution.

Project description:BackgroundEpidemiologic studies suggest that declining estrogen levels in menopause may play an important role in the pathogenesis of dementia and contribute to increased risk of cognitive impairment in women. Most previous studies have been conducted in Western populations to investigate the relationship of the length of reproductive periods and use of hormone-replacement therapy with risk of cognitive function and dementia, but the findings are inconclusive. Relevant evidence among Asian populations is limited.ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between reproductive and hormonal factors and the risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese women with natural menopause.Study designThe Singapore Chinese Health Study is a population-based study that recruited participants aged 45-74 years between 1993 and 1998, and the current study included 8222 women from this cohort who had natural menopause, complete data on reproductive factors and hormonal therapies at baseline (1993-1998), follow-up 1 (1999-2004) and follow-up 2 interviews (2006-2010), and cognitive function evaluated at ages 61-96 years using the Singapore Modified Mini-Mental State Examination during the follow-up 3 visits (2014-2016). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of cognitive impairment.ResultsCompared with women with menopause at 50-54 years of age, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.67 (1.32-2.11), 1.24 (1.08-1.44), and 1.06 (0.87- 1.29) for women who experienced menopause before 45 years, at 45-49 years of age, and after 54 years, respectively. Compared with women with 35-39 reproductive years from menarche to menopause, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.28 (1.11-1.48) for women with <35 reproductive years. Furthermore, compared with women who had 1-2 children, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.27 (1.04-1.55) for women who had more than 5 children, and the risk increased significantly by 5% per child birth (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.09). Compared with those who had never used oral contraceptives, women with short-term use (≤5 years) of oral contraceptives had 26% lower odds of having cognitive impairment (odds ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.63-0.87), whereas the association was not statistically significant for those used for more than 5 years (odds ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-1.13). Women who used hormone-replacement therapy had a 39% lower odd of getting cognitive impairment compared with nonusers (odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.46-0.80).ConclusionOur data suggest that shorter reproductive years and greater parity were associated with a greater risk of cognitive impairment in late life, whereas the use of oral contraceptives and hormone-replacement therapy was associated with decreased risk. As the population ages, understanding how these factors affect late-life cognitive function in women may help health professionals develop preventive measures targeting lifetime estrogen exposure from endogenous or exogenous sources.

Dataset Information

Reproductive and hormonal factors and the risk of lung cancer: the EAGLE study.

Publications

Reproductive and hormonal factors and the risk of lung cancer: the EAGLE study.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets