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From short pulses to short breaks: exotic plasma bullets via residual electron control.

ABSTRACT: Plasma plumes with exotically segmented channel structure and plasma bullet propagation are produced in atmospheric plasma jets. This is achieved by tailoring interruptions of a continuous DC power supply over the time scales of lifetimes of residual electrons produced by the preceding discharge phase. These phenomena are explained by studying the plasma dynamics using nanosecond-precision imaging. One of the plumes is produced using 2 - 10 ?s interruptions in the 8 kV DC voltage and features a still bright channel from which a propagating bullet detaches. A shorter interruption of 900 ns produces a plume with the additional long conducting dark channel between the jet nozzle and the bright area. The bullet size, formation dynamics, and propagation speed and distance can be effectively controlled. This may lead to micrometer- and nanosecond-precision delivery of quantized plasma bits, warranted for next-generation health, materials, and device technologies.

SUBMITTER: Xian Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3615333 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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From short pulses to short breaks: exotic plasma bullets via residual electron control.

Xian YuBin Y Zhang Peng P Lu XinPei X Pei XueKai X Wu ShuQun S Xiong Qing Q Ostrikov Kostya Ken KK

Scientific reports 20130101

Plasma plumes with exotically segmented channel structure and plasma bullet propagation are produced in atmospheric plasma jets. This is achieved by tailoring interruptions of a continuous DC power supply over the time scales of lifetimes of residual electrons produced by the preceding discharge phase. These phenomena are explained by studying the plasma dynamics using nanosecond-precision imaging. One of the plumes is produced using 2 - 10 μs interruptions in the 8 kV DC voltage and features a ...[more]

PMID: 23549279

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Project description:Introduction and importanceVulvar penetrating trauma is a rather uncommon occurrence (1). Firearm injuries caused by low-velocity gravitational bullets are a common cause of injuries in war-torn countries such as Somalia [2] (Campbell and Wilbert, 2022). These types of injuries are inflicted on by-standers by wayward bullets. No standard consensus on the appropriate management of vulvar penetrating trauma has been established (3). Here in, we report the successful management of an impacted bullet in the clitoris by a simple incision under local anesthesia. The principles of vulva and clitoris tired bullet trauma management are discussed. In our case, we thought it to be rare and interesting, considering its occurrence.Case presentationIn this report, a 24-year-old woman (gravida 2, para 2) suffered from a vulvar area penetrating bullet injury. Imaging revealed that the foreign body was confined to the clitoris, and no evidence of other parts of the body. Under local anesthesia, the bullet was accessed and removed from the clitoris by performing a minor incision. No complications were observed following the surgical removal of the bullet.Clinical discussionNon-obstetric vulva trauma is an extremely rare occurrence. Typically, the cause of non-obstetric vulvar trauma includes sports-related injuries, straddle injuries, and midline splitting injuries. To the best of our knowledge, this case is unique due to the bullet being retained in the clitoris. The treatment of the foreign body is mostly surgical removal. Under local anesthesia, this patient underwent complete surgical removal of the metallic foreign body. During surgical excision, care should be taken not to damage the urethra and other pelvic issues.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first wayward bullet (not intended for the patient) injury penetrating the vulvar area with a retained bullet in the clitoris. In our case, we thought it to be rare and interesting, considering its occurrence.

Dataset Information

From short pulses to short breaks: exotic plasma bullets via residual electron control.

Publications

From short pulses to short breaks: exotic plasma bullets via residual electron control.

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