Dataset Information

Bomb fall-out (236)U as a global oceanic tracer using an annually resolved coral core.

ABSTRACT: Anthropogenic (236)U (t ½=23.4 My) is an emerging isotopic ocean tracer with interesting oceanographic properties, but only with recent advances in accelerator mass spectrometry techniques is it now possible to detect the levels from global fall-out of nuclear weapons testing across the water column. To make full use of this tracer, an assessment of its input into the ocean over the past decades is required. We captured the bomb-pulse of (236)U in an annually resolved coral core record from the Caribbean Sea. We thereby establish a concept which gives (236)U great advantage - the presence of reliable, well-resolved chronological archives. This allows studies of not only the present distribution pattern, but gives access to the temporal evolution of (236)U in ocean waters over the past decades.

SUBMITTER: Winkler SR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3617727 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Bomb fall-out 236U as a global oceanic tracer using an annually resolved coral core.

Winkler Stephan R SR Steier Peter P Carilli Jessica J

Earth and planetary science letters 20121201 1

Anthropogenic 236U (t½=23.4 My) is an emerging isotopic ocean tracer with interesting oceanographic properties, but only with recent advances in accelerator mass spectrometry techniques is it now possible to detect the levels from global fall-out of nuclear weapons testing across the water column. To make full use of this tracer, an assessment of its input into the ocean over the past decades is required. We captured the bomb-pulse of 236U in an annually r ...[more]

PMID: 23564966

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Project description:Bacterial communities directly influence ecological processes in the ocean, and depth has a major influence due to the changeover in primary energy sources between the sunlit photic zone and dark ocean. Here, we examine the abundance and diversity of bacteria in Monterey Bay depth profiles collected from the surface to just above the sediments (e.g., 2000 m). Bacterial abundance in these Pacific Ocean samples decreased by >1 order of magnitude, from 1.22 ±0.69 ×106 cells ml-1 in the variable photic zone to 1.44 ± 0.25 ×105 and 6.71 ± 1.23 ×104 cells ml-1 in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic, respectively. V1-V2 16S rRNA gene profiling showed diversity increased sharply between the photic and mesopelagic zones. Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis clustered co-occurring bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) into seven subnetwork modules, of which five strongly correlated with depth-related factors. Within surface-associated modules there was a clear distinction between a 'copiotrophic' module, correlating with chlorophyll and dominated by e.g., Flavobacteriales and Rhodobacteraceae, and an 'oligotrophic' module dominated by diverse Oceanospirillales (such as uncultured JL-ETNP-Y6, SAR86) and Pelagibacterales. Phylogenetic reconstructions of Pelagibacterales and SAR324 using full-length 16S rRNA gene data revealed several additional subclades, expanding known microdiversity within these abundant lineages, including new Pelagibacterales subclades Ia.B, Id, and IIc, which comprised 4-10% of amplicons depending on the subclade and depth zone. SAR324 and Oceanospirillales dominated in the mesopelagic, with SAR324 clade II exhibiting its highest relative abundances (17±4%) in the lower mesopelagic (300-750 m). The two newly-identified SAR324 clades showed highest relative abundances in the photic zone (clade III), while clade IV was extremely low in relative abundance, but present across dark ocean depths. Hierarchical clustering placed microbial communities from 900 m samples with those from the bathypelagic, where Marinimicrobia was distinctively relatively abundant. The patterns resolved herein, through high resolution and statistical replication, establish baselines for marine bacterial abundance and taxonomic distributions across the Monterey Bay water column, against which future change can be assessed.

Dataset Information

Bomb fall-out (236)U as a global oceanic tracer using an annually resolved coral core.

Publications

Bomb fall-out <sup>236</sup>U as a global oceanic tracer using an annually resolved coral core.

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