Dataset Information

Differential roles of the C and N termini of Orai1 protein in interacting with stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) for Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel activation.

ABSTRACT: The entry of extracellular Ca(2+), which is mediated by Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels, is essential for T cell activation and the normal functioning of other immune cells. Although the molecular components of CRAC channels, the Orai1 pore-forming subunit and the STIM1-activating subunit have been recently identified, the gating mechanism by which Orai1 channels conduct Ca(2+) entry upon Orai1-STIM1 interaction following Ca(2+) store release remains elusive. Herein, we show that C-terminal truncations or point mutations prevented Orai1 from binding to STIM1 and subsequent channel opening. In contrast, an Orai1 mutant with an N-terminal truncation interacted with but failed to be activated by STIM1. Moreover, Orai1 channels with C-terminal disruption, but not N-terminal truncation, could be gated by fused functional domains of STIM1. Interestingly, the channel activities of Orai1 mutants carrying either an N-terminal or a C-terminal truncation were restored by a methionine mutation at the putative gating hinge, the conserved Gly-98 site in the first transmembrane segment (TM1) of Orai1. Collectively, these results support a stepwise gating mechanism of STIM1-operated Orai1 channels; the initial binding between STIM1 and the C terminus of Orai1 docks STIM1 onto the N terminus of Orai1 to initiate conformational changes of the pore-lining TM1 helix of Orai1, leading to the opening of the channel.

SUBMITTER: Zheng H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3630893 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differential roles of the C and N termini of Orai1 protein in interacting with stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) for Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel activation.

Zheng Hongying H Zhou Meng-Hua MH Hu Changlong C Kuo Enoch E Peng Xu X Hu Junjie J Kuo Lih L Zhang Shenyuan L SL

The Journal of biological chemistry 20130227 16

The entry of extracellular Ca(2+), which is mediated by Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels, is essential for T cell activation and the normal functioning of other immune cells. Although the molecular components of CRAC channels, the Orai1 pore-forming subunit and the STIM1-activating subunit have been recently identified, the gating mechanism by which Orai1 channels conduct Ca(2+) entry upon Orai1-STIM1 interaction following Ca(2+) store release remains elusive. Herein, we show that ...[more]

PMID: 23447534

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Project description:Orai1, the pore subunit of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) channels, has four transmembrane segments (TMs). The first segment, TMI, lines the pore and plays an important role in channel activation and ion permeation. TMIII, on the other hand, does not line the pore but still regulates channel gating and permeation properties. To understand the role of TMIII, we have mutated and characterized several residues in this domain. Mutation of Trp-176 to Cys (W176C) and Gly-183 to Ala (G183A) had dramatic effects. Unlike wild-type channels, which exhibit little outward current and are activated by STIM1, W176C mutant channels exhibited a large outward current at positive potentials and were constitutively active in the absence of STIM1. G183A mutant channels also exhibited substantial outward currents but were active only in the presence of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), irrespective of STIM1. With W176C mutant channels inward, monovalent currents were blocked by Ca(2+) with a high affinity similar to the wild type, but the Ca(2+)-dependent blocking of outward currents differed in the two cases. Although a 50% block of the WT outward current required 250 μm Ca(2+), more than 6 mm was necessary to have the same effect on W176C mutant channels. In the presence of extracellular Ca(2+), W176C and G183A outward currents developed slowly in a voltage-dependent manner, whereas they developed almost instantaneously in the absence of Ca(2+). These changes in permeation and gating properties mimic the changes induced by mutations of Glu-190 in TMIII and Asp-110/Asp-112 in the TMI/TMII loop. On the basis of these data, we propose that TMIII maintains negatively charged residues at or near the selectivity filter in a conformation that facilitates Ca(2+) inward currents and prevents outward currents of monovalent cations. In addition, to controlling selectivity, TMIII may also stabilize channel gating in a closed state in the absence of STIM1 in a Trp-176-dependent manner.

Dataset Information

Differential roles of the C and N termini of Orai1 protein in interacting with stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) for Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel activation.

Publications

Differential roles of the C and N termini of Orai1 protein in interacting with stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) for Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel activation.

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