Dataset Information

Prediction of Drosophila melanogaster gene function using Support Vector Machines.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:While the genomes of hundreds of organisms have been sequenced and good approaches exist for finding protein encoding genes, an important remaining challenge is predicting the functions of the large fraction of genes for which there is no annotation. Large gene expression datasets from microarray experiments already exist and many of these can be used to help assign potential functions to these genes. We have applied Support Vector Machines (SVM), a sigmoid fitting function and a stratified cross-validation approach to analyze a large microarray experiment dataset from Drosophila melanogaster in order to predict possible functions for previously un-annotated genes. A total of approximately 5043 different genes, or about one-third of the predicted genes in the D. melanogaster genome, are represented in the dataset and 1854 (or 37%) of these genes are un-annotated. RESULTS:39 Gene Ontology Biological Process (GO-BP) categories were found with precision value equal or larger than 0.75, when recall was fixed at the 0.4 level. For two of those categories, we have provided additional support for assigning given genes to the category by showing that the majority of transcripts for the genes belonging in a given category have a similar localization pattern during embryogenesis. Additionally, by assessing the predictions using a confidence score, we have been able to provide a putative GO-BP term for 1422 previously un-annotated genes or about 77% of the un-annotated genes represented on the microarray and about 19% of all of the un-annotated genes in the D. melanogaster genome. CONCLUSIONS:Our study successfully employs a number of SVM classifiers, accompanied by detailed calibration and validation techniques, to generate a number of predictions for new annotations for D. melanogaster genes. The applied probabilistic analysis to SVM output improves the interpretability of the prediction results and the objectivity of the validation procedure.

SUBMITTER: Mitsakakis N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3669044 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prediction of Drosophila melanogaster gene function using Support Vector Machines.

Mitsakakis Nicholas N Razak Zak Z Escobar Michael M Westwood J Timothy JT

BioData mining 20130402 1

<h4>Background</h4>While the genomes of hundreds of organisms have been sequenced and good approaches exist for finding protein encoding genes, an important remaining challenge is predicting the functions of the large fraction of genes for which there is no annotation. Large gene expression datasets from microarray experiments already exist and many of these can be used to help assign potential functions to these genes. We have applied Support Vector Machines (SVM), a sigmoid fitting function an ...[more]

PMID: 23547736

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of peptide immunogenicity and characterization of relation between peptide sequences and peptide immunogenicity will be greatly helpful for vaccine designs and understanding of the immune system. In contrast to the prediction of antigen processing and presentation pathway, the prediction of subsequent T-cell reactivity is a much harder topic. Previous studies of identifying T-cell receptor (TCR) recognition positions were based on small-scale analyses using only a few peptides and concluded different recognition positions such as positions 4, 6 and 8 of peptides with length 9. Large-scale analyses are necessary to better characterize the effect of peptide sequence variations on T-cell reactivity and design predictors of a peptide's T-cell reactivity (and thus immunogenicity). The identification and characterization of important positions influencing T-cell reactivity will provide insights into the underlying mechanism of immunogenicity. RESULTS: This work establishes a large dataset by collecting immunogenicity data from three major immunology databases. In order to consider the effect of MHC restriction, peptides are classified by their associated MHC alleles. Subsequently, a computational method (named POPISK) using support vector machine with a weighted degree string kernel is proposed to predict T-cell reactivity and identify important recognition positions. POPISK yields a mean 10-fold cross-validation accuracy of 68% in predicting T-cell reactivity of HLA-A2-binding peptides. POPISK is capable of predicting immunogenicity with scores that can also correctly predict the change in T-cell reactivity related to point mutations in epitopes reported in previous studies using crystal structures. Thorough analyses of the prediction results identify the important positions 4, 6, 8 and 9, and yield insights into the molecular basis for TCR recognition. Finally, we relate this finding to physicochemical properties and structural features of the MHC-peptide-TCR interaction. CONCLUSIONS: A computational method POPISK is proposed to predict immunogenicity with scores which are useful for predicting immunogenicity changes made by single-residue modifications. The web server of POPISK is freely available at http://iclab.life.nctu.edu.tw/POPISK.

Dataset Information

Prediction of Drosophila melanogaster gene function using Support Vector Machines.

Publications

Prediction of Drosophila melanogaster gene function using Support Vector Machines.

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