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Sociocultural pressures and adolescent eating in the absence of hunger.

ABSTRACT: Parental feeding practices and sociocultural pressures theoretically influence eating behavior. Yet, whether these factors relate to eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) is unknown. We assessed if sociocultural pressures were associated with EAH among 90 adolescents (Mage=15.27, SD=1.39; 48% female). Parents completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire. Adolescents completed the Perceived Sociocultural Pressures Scale, Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3, and Multidimensional Body Self-Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales. On two occasions, EAH was assessed as snack food intake after adolescents ate to satiety. Controlling for body composition and demographics, parental restriction and family pressure to be thin were associated with greater EAH. Media pressure was related to more EAH in girls. Appearance orientation and preoccupation with becoming overweight mediated links between sociocultural pressures and EAH. Findings support the notion that sociocultural pressures and their links to body image may contribute to the course of disinhibited eating behaviors during adolescence.

SUBMITTER: Reina SA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3671847 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sociocultural pressures and adolescent eating in the absence of hunger.

Reina Samantha A SA Shomaker Lauren B LB Mooreville Mira M Courville Amber B AB Brady Sheila M SM Olsen Cara C Yanovski Susan Z SZ Tanofsky-Kraff Marian M Yanovski Jack A JA

Body image 20130207 2

Parental feeding practices and sociocultural pressures theoretically influence eating behavior. Yet, whether these factors relate to eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) is unknown. We assessed if sociocultural pressures were associated with EAH among 90 adolescents (Mage=15.27, SD=1.39; 48% female). Parents completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire. Adolescents completed the Perceived Sociocultural Pressures Scale, Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3, and Multidimensiona ...[more]

PMID: 23394966

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Project description:BackgroundScant research has examined whether laboratory assessments of eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) relates to long-term diet quality.ObjectiveThis study investigates the association of EAH with diet quality during pregnancy.DesignPregnancy diet quality was assessed using 24-hour diet recalls collected in each pregnancy trimester. EAH was assessed in a counterbalanced, crossover laboratory feeding substudy in which participants completed two free access eating occasions following a standardized meal during their second pregnancy trimester.Participants/settingData were collected from March 2015 to December 2016 from a subsample of participants (n = 46) enrolled at ≤12 weeks' gestation in an observational, prospective cohort study (the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study) in North Carolina.InterventionParticipants were presented with highly processed (HP) and minimally processed (MP) foods in two separate assessments.Main outcome measuresScores for total Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and adherence to adequacy and moderation components were calculated from the diet recalls. Higher scores reflect better diet quality.Statistical analyses performedLinear regressions estimated associations of pregnancy diet quality with EAH (energy, EAH-kcal; and percent offered, EAH-%) in each condition for all foods, and separately for sweet and savory foods.ResultsLower pregnancy diet quality (all indicators) was associated with greater EAH (EAH-kcal and EAH-%) of all foods and sweet foods in the HP condition. Each 100-kcal increase in EAH of HP foods was associated with a 2- to 3-point decrease (standard error = 0.7 to 0.8) in HEI-2015 (P < 0.01); each 10% increase in EAH of HP foods was associated with a 5- to 7-point decrease (standard error = 2.0) in HEI-2015 (P < 0.01). Greater EAH (energy and percent offered) of savory food intake in the HP condition was associated with a lower HEI-2015 adequacy component score, but was not associated with the HEI-2015 or HEI-2015 moderation component scores. EAH in the MP condition was not associated with pregnancy diet quality.ConclusionsGreater EAH of HP, especially sweet, foods was related to worse pregnancy diet quality. Consuming HP sweets after meal termination may reflect a tendency for eating beyond satiation and may be a useful intervention target for improving maternal diet quality.

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Sociocultural pressures and adolescent eating in the absence of hunger.

Publications

Sociocultural pressures and adolescent eating in the absence of hunger.

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