Dataset Information

Are behavioral interventions effective in increasing physical activity at 12 to 36 months in adults aged 55 to 70 years? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Retirement represents a major transitional life stage in middle to older age. Changes in physical activity typically accompany this transition, which has significant consequences for health and well-being. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence for the effect of interventions to promote physical activity in adults aged 55 to 70 years, focusing on studies that reported long-term effectiveness. This systematic review adheres to a registered protocol (PROSPERO CRD42011001459).

Methods

Randomized controlled trials of interventions to promote physical activity behavior with a mean/median sample age of 55 to 70 years, published between 2000 and 2010, were identified. Only trials reporting the long-term effect (? 12 months) on objective or self-reported physical activity behavior were included. Trials reporting physiological proxy measures of physical activity were excluded. Meta-analyses were conducted when trials provided sufficient data and sensitivity analyses were conducted to identify potential confounding effects of trials of poor methodological quality or with attrition rates ? 30%.

Results

Of 17,859 publications identified, 32 were included which reported on 21 individual trials. The majority of interventions were multimodal and provided physical activity and lifestyle counselling. Interventions to promote physical activity were effective at 12 months (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.16 to 1.99, pedometer step-count, approximating to an increase of 2,197 steps per day; SMD = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.10 to 0.28, self-reported physical activity duration outcome), but not at 24 months based on a small subset of trials. There was no evidence for a relationship between intervention effectiveness and mode of delivery or number of intervention contacts; however, interventions which involved individually tailoring with personalized activity goals or provision of information about local opportunities in the environment may be more effective.

Conclusions

Interventions in adults aged 55 to 70 years led to long term improvements in physical activity at 12 months; however, maintenance beyond this is unclear. Identified physical activity improvements are likely to have substantial health benefits in reducing the risk of age-related illnesses. These findings have important implications for community-based public health interventions in and around the retirement transition.

SUBMITTER: Hobbs N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3681560 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Are behavioral interventions effective in increasing physical activity at 12 to 36 months in adults aged 55 to 70 years? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hobbs Nicola N Godfrey Alan A Lara Jose J Errington Linda L Meyer Thomas D TD Rochester Lynn L White Martin M Mathers John C JC Sniehotta Falko F FF

BMC medicine 20130319

<h4>Background</h4>Retirement represents a major transitional life stage in middle to older age. Changes in physical activity typically accompany this transition, which has significant consequences for health and well-being. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence for the effect of interventions to promote physical activity in adults aged 55 to 70 years, focusing on studies that reported long-term effectiveness. This systematic review adheres to a registered protocol (PROS ...[more]

PMID: 23506544

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Project description:BackgroundVaccination is one of the effective ways to develop immunity against potential life-threatening diseases in children in early age. This study is focused on analysing the age-appropriate vaccination coverage at national and subnational levels and identify the factors associated with age-appropriate coverage in Nepal.Methods460 children aged 12-36 months were included in the study. The data was obtained from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016-17. Age-appropriate coverage of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine (BCG), oral polio vaccine (OPV) doses 1-3, pentavalent vaccine (PE) doses 1-3, and first dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR) were estimated using Kaplan Meier method. Multilevel logistic regression with random intercept was used to identify the factors associated with age-appropriate vaccination.ResultsThe crude coverage of the vaccines included in the study ranged from 91.5% (95% CI, 88.5-93.7) for PE3 to 97.8% (95.8-98.7) for BCG. Although the crude coverage of all the vaccines was above 90%, the age-appropriate coverage was significantly low, ranging from 41.5% (36.5-46.6) for PE3 to 73.9% (69.2-78.1) for PE1. Furthermore, high disparity in timely vaccination coverage was observed at regional level. Compared to the age-appropriate vaccination coverage in other provinces, Province 2 had the lowest coverage of all, followed by that in Province 6. The timeliness of vaccination was significantly associated with subnational regions i.e., provinces and the season of childbirth.ConclusionAlthough the immunization program in Nepal has achieved the target of 90% crude coverage of all the childhood vaccines, the age-appropriate coverage is significantly low which undermines the effectiveness of the vaccines administered. Thus, along with crude coverage, timeliness of the vaccines administered should be taken into consideration and thoroughly monitored at national and subnational levels. Provincial government should formulate tailored strategies to ensure the timely administration of the childhood vaccines.

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Project description:The current study aimed to find the distribution and factors associated with undernutrition among children aged 6-36 months in Kabul. Cross-sectional study. Public Ataturk Children's Hospital, Kabul. 385. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic conditions and anthropometry of children. Logistic regression was used to find determinants of undernutrition. The distribution of stunting, wasting and underweight was 38.7%, 11.9% and 30.6%, respectively. Among the children studied, 54% did not receive breast milk within the first hour of birth, 53.2% were not exclusively breastfed, 21% received complementary feeding before the age of 6 months, 22.1% lacked access to safe water and 44.7% did not practise hand washing with soap. The odds of stunting were lower (p<0.05) in girls (AOR 5.511, 95% CI 3.028 to 10.030), children of educated fathers (OR 0.288, 95% CI 0.106 to 0.782), those from nuclear families (OR 0.280, 95% CI 0.117 to 1.258), those exclusively breastfed (OR 0.499, 95% CI 0.222 to 1.51) and those practising good hygienic practices (OR 0.440, 95% CI 0.229 to 0.847). Boys had high odd of girls (OR 6.824, 95% CI 3.543 to 13.143) while children of educated fathers (OR 0.340, 95% CI 0.119 to 0.973), those receiving complementary food at 6 months (OR 0.368, 95% CI 0.148 to 1.393) and those practising good hygiene (OR 0.310, 95% CI 0.153 to 0.631) had lower odds (p<0.05) of being underweight. Boys (OR 3.702, 95% CI 1.537 to 8.916) had higher odds of being wasted, whereas children of educated mothers (OR 0.480, 95% CI 0.319 to 4.660), those from nuclear families (OR 0.356, 95% CI 0.113 to 1.117), those receiving early breast feeding (OR 0.435, 95% CI 0.210 to 1.341) and those practising hand washing (OR 0.290, 95% CI 0.112 to 0.750) had lower odds (p<0.05) of being wasted. This study demonstrated the sex of the child, illiteracy of fathers, not practising hand washing and not observing hygiene, late initiation of breast milk, complementary feeding timings, and lack of proper exclusive breast feeding as contributing factors to the under-nutrition of the children in the study population.

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Dataset Information

Are behavioral interventions effective in increasing physical activity at 12 to 36 months in adults aged 55 to 70 years? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Are behavioral interventions effective in increasing physical activity at 12 to 36 months in adults aged 55 to 70 years? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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