A non-synonymous SNP within the isopentenyl transferase 2 locus is associated with kernel weight in Chinese maize inbreds (Zea mays L.).
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Weng J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3704264 | biostudies-literature | 2013
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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A non-synonymous SNP within the isopentenyl transferase 2 locus is associated with kernel weight in Chinese maize inbreds (Zea mays L.).
Weng Jianfeng J Li Bo B Liu Changlin C Yang Xiaoyan X Wang Hongwei H Hao Zhuanfang Z Li Mingshun M Zhang Degui D Ci Xiaoke X Li Xinhai X Zhang Shihuang S
BMC plant biology 20130705
<h4>Background</h4>Kernel weight, controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL), is an important component of grain yield in maize. Cytokinins (CKs) participate in determining grain morphology and final grain yield in crops. ZmIPT2, which is expressed mainly in the basal transfer cell layer, endosperm, and embryo during maize kernel development, encodes an isopentenyl transferase (IPT) that is involved in CK biosynthesis.<h4>Results</h4>The coding region of ZmIPT2 was sequenced across a panel of 1 ...[more]
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Project description:Maize (Zea mays L.) is the leading cereal crop and staple food in many parts of the world. This study aims to develop nutrient-rich maize genotypes by incorporating crtRB1 and o2 genes associated with increased β-carotene, lysine, and tryptophan levels. UMI1200 and UMI1230, high quality maize inbreds, are well-adapted to tropical and semi-arid regions in India. However, they are deficient in β-carotene, lysine, and tryptophan. We used the concurrent stepwise transfer of genes by marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) scheme to introgress crtRB1 and o2 genes. In each generation (from F1, BC1F1-BC3F1, and ICF1-ICF3), foreground and background selections were carried out using gene-linked (crtRB1 3'TE and umc1066) and genome-wide simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Four independent BC3F1 lines of UMI1200 × CE477 (Cross-1), UMI1200 × VQL1 (Cross-2), UMI1230 × CE477 (Cross-3), and UMI1230 × VQL1 (Cross-4) having crtRB1 and o2 genes and 87.45-88.41% of recurrent parent genome recovery (RPGR) were intercrossed to generate the ICF1-ICF3 generations. Further, these gene pyramided lines were examined for agronomic performance and the β-carotene, lysine, and tryptophan contents. Six ICF3 lines (DBT-IC-β1σ4-4-8-8, DBT-IC-β1σ4-9-21-21, DBT-IC-β1σ4-10-1-1, DBT-IC-β2σ5-9-51-51, DBT-IC-β2σ5-9-52-52 and DBT-IC-β2σ5-9-53-53) possessing crtRB1 and o2 genes showed better agronomic performance (77.78-99.31% for DBT-IC-β1σ4 population and 85.71-99.51% for DBT-IC-β2σ5 population) like the recurrent parents and β-carotene (14.21-14.35 μg/g for DBT-IC-β1σ4 and 13.28-13.62 μg/g for DBT-IC-β2σ5), lysine (0.31-0.33% for DBT-IC-β1σ4 and 0.31-0.34% for DBT-IC-β2σ5), and tryptophan (0.079-0.082% for DBT-IC-β1σ4 and 0.078-0.083% for DBT-IC-β2σ5) levels on par with that of the donor parents. In the future, these improved lines could be developed as a cultivar for various agro-climatic zones and also as good genetic materials for maize nutritional breeding programs.
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Project description:The ever-increasing human population is a major concern for food security. Maize is the third largest most important food crop. The major problems of cultivation arise from urbanization and land pollution. This reduces the amount of land available for agriculture. The use of chemicals in agriculture is not environmentally friendly. Thus, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been proposed as alternatives. This study aims to test the growth-promoting effect of maize inoculated with six indigenous PGPB isolates. These isolates were assayed for various biochemical and plant growth-promoting activities. They were also assayed for biocontrol activities. Based on the results, six isolates viz A1, A18, A29, NWU4, NWU14, and NWU198 were used to inoculate maize seeds. The inoculated seeds were tried out on the field. A randomized block design was used. PGPB used were in single, consortia of two, and three organisms. The length of the leaves, roots, and stem, plant height, numbers of leaves, and weight of 100 seeds were taken at the fourth and eighth weeks after planting. Microbial consortia increased growth parameters compared to single inoculant treatments. Thus, they can be of advantage in the eradication of low yield. They can also serve as reliable alternatives to chemical fertilizers.
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