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Prioritizing research for "One health - One world".

ABSTRACT: Infectious diseases of poverty, a collective term coined for infections known to be particularly prevalent amongst poor populations, is increasingly used for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) with special transmission routes, such as depending on vectors and/or intermediate hosts. The journal Infectious Diseases of Poverty (IDP) is launched to explore new avenues in research to better understand the relationship between infectious diseases and poverty, and to contribute to priority settings for plans to control them. Introducing the "One health - One world" concept, IDP will publish original and empirical work based on analyses of disease burdens, their distribution and research needs in this area. The new journal will not only bring out research articles but also scoping reviews and highlights of trans-disciplinary work undertaken to combat the infectious diseases of poverty, wherever in the world they exist.

SUBMITTER: Zhou XN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3710101 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prioritizing research for "One health - One world".

Zhou Xiao-Nong XN

Infectious diseases of poverty 20121025 1

Infectious diseases of poverty, a collective term coined for infections known to be particularly prevalent amongst poor populations, is increasingly used for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) with special transmission routes, such as depending on vectors and/or intermediate hosts. The journal Infectious Diseases of Poverty (IDP) is launched to explore new avenues in research to better understand the relationship between infectious diseases and poverty, and to contribute to priority settings for ...[more]

PMID: 23849840

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Project description:BackgroundThe National Institutes of Health's Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) initiative aims to understand the impact of environmental factors on childhood disease. Over 40,000 chemicals are approved for commercial use. The challenge is to prioritize chemicals for biomonitoring that may present health risk concerns.ObjectivesOur aim was to prioritize chemicals that may elicit child health effects of interest to ECHO but that have not been biomonitored nationwide and to identify gaps needing additional research.MethodsWe searched databases and the literature for chemicals in environmental media and in consumer products that were potentially toxic. We selected chemicals that were not measured in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. From over 700 chemicals, we chose 155 chemicals and created eight chemical panels. For each chemical, we compiled biomonitoring and toxicity data, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency exposure predictions, and annual production usage. We also applied predictive modeling to estimate toxicity. Using these data, we recommended chemicals either for biomonitoring, to be deferred pending additional data, or as low priority for biomonitoring.ResultsFor the 155 chemicals, 97 were measured in food or water, 67 in air or house dust, and 52 in biospecimens. We found in vivo endocrine, developmental, reproductive, and neurotoxic effects for 61, 74, 47, and 32 chemicals, respectively. Eighty-six had data from high-throughput in vitro assays. Positive results for endocrine, developmental, neurotoxicity, and obesity were observed for 32, 11, 35, and 60 chemicals, respectively. Predictive modeling results suggested 90% are toxicants. Biomarkers were reported for 76 chemicals. Thirty-six were recommended for biomonitoring, 108 deferred pending additional research, and 11 as low priority for biomonitoring.DiscussionThe 108 deferred chemicals included those lacking biomonitoring methods or toxicity data, representing an opportunity for future research. Our evaluation was, in general, limited by the large number of unmeasured or untested chemicals. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5133.

Project description:BackgroundExisting health and nutrition services present potential platforms for scaling up delivery of early childhood development (ECD) interventions within sensitive windows across the life course, especially in the first 1000 days from conception to age 2 years. However, there is insufficient knowledge on how to optimize implementation for such strategies in an integrated manner. In light of this knowledge gap, we aimed to systematically identify a set of integrated implementation research priorities for health, nutrition and early child development within the 2015 to 2030 timeframe of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).MethodsWe applied the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative method, and consulted a diverse group of global health experts to develop and score 57 research questions against five criteria: answerability, effectiveness, deliverability, impact, and effect on equity. These questions were ranked using a research priority score, and the average expert agreement score was calculated for each question.FindingsThe research priority scores ranged from 61.01 to 93.52, with a median of 82.87. The average expert agreement scores ranged from 0.50 to 0.90, with a median of 0.75. The top-ranked research question were: i) "How can interventions and packages to reduce neonatal mortality be expanded to include ECD and stimulation interventions?"; ii) "How does the integration of ECD and MNCAH&N interventions affect human resource requirements and capacity development in resource-poor settings?"; and iii) "How can integrated interventions be tailored to vulnerable refugee and migrant populations to protect against poor ECD and MNCAH&N outcomes?". Most highly-ranked research priorities varied across the life course and highlighted key aspects of scaling up coverage of integrated interventions in resource-limited settings, including: workforce and capacity development, cost-effectiveness and strategies to reduce financial barriers, and quality assessment of programs.ConclusionsInvesting in ECD is critical to achieving several of the SDGs, including SDG 2 on ending all forms of malnutrition, SDG 3 on ensuring health and well-being for all, and SDG 4 on ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and promotion of life-long learning opportunities for all. The generated research agenda is expected to drive action and investment on priority approaches to integrating ECD interventions within existing health and nutrition services.

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Prioritizing research for "One health - One world".

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Prioritizing research for "One health - One world".

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