Dataset Information

Consistent condom use increases the colonization of Lactobacillus crispatus in the vagina.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Non-hormonal contraception methods have been widely used, but their effects on colonization by vaginal lactobacilli remain unclear.

Objective

To determine the association between non-hormonal contraception methods and vaginal lactobacilli on women's reproductive health.

Methods

The cross-sectional study included 164 healthy women between 18-45 years of age. The subjects were divided into different groups on the basis of the different non-hormonal contraception methods used by them. At the postmenstrual visit (day 21 or 22 of the menstrual cycle), vaginal swabs were collected for determination of Nugent score, quantitative culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of vaginal lactobacilli. The prevalence, colony counts and 16S rRNA gene expression of the Lactobacillus strains were compared between the different groups by Chi-square and ANOVA statistical analysis methods.

Results

A Nugent score of 0-3 was more common in the condom group (93.1%) than in the group that used an interuterine device(IUD) (75.4%), (p=0.005). The prevalence of H2O2-producing Lactobacillus was significantly higher in the condom group (82.3%) than in the IUD group (68.2%), (p=0.016). There was a significant difference in colony count (mean ± standard error (SE), log10colony forming unit (CFU)/ml) of H2O2-producing Lactobacillus between condom users (7.81 ± 0.14) and IUD users (6.54 ± 0.14), (p=0.000). The 16S rRNA gene expression (mean ± SE, log10copies/ml) of Lactobacillus crispatus was significantly higher in the condom group (8.09 ± 0.16) than in the IUD group (6.03 ± 0.18), (p=0.000).

Conclusion

Consistent condom use increases the colonization of Lactobacillus crispatus in the vagina and may protect against both bacterial vaginosis (BV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

SUBMITTER: Ma L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3720897 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Consistent condom use increases the colonization of Lactobacillus crispatus in the vagina.

Ma Liyan L Lv Zhi Z Su Jianrong J Wang Jianjie J Yan Donghui D Wei Jingjuan J Pei Shuang S

PloS one 20130723 7

<h4>Background</h4>Non-hormonal contraception methods have been widely used, but their effects on colonization by vaginal lactobacilli remain unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the association between non-hormonal contraception methods and vaginal lactobacilli on women's reproductive health.<h4>Methods</h4>The cross-sectional study included 164 healthy women between 18-45 years of age. The subjects were divided into different groups on the basis of the different non-hormonal contraception me ...[more]

PMID: 23894682

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Project description:The colonic microbiota is a major modulator of the mucosal immune system; therefore, its manipulation through supplementation with probiotics may significantly affect the host's immune responses. Since different probiotics seem to exert various effects in vivo, we tested the relevance of the autoaggregation phenotype on the intestinal persistence of lactobacilli and their ability to modulate the host's innate immune responses. After 14 days of diet supplementation, the aggregating strain Lactobacillus crispatus M247 but not aggregation-deficient isogenic mutant MU5 was recovered from the feces and colonic mucosa of mice. This observation was confirmed by strain-specific PCR amplification and by Lactobacillus-specific denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis. Indeed, L. crispatus M247 increased Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) mRNA levels, while it reduced TLR4 mRNA and protein levels in the colonic mucosa, whereas MU5 was ineffective. In colonic epithelial cells (CMT-93 cells) L. crispatus M247 but not MU5 induced time-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 (ERK1) tyrosine phosphorylation and TLR modulation, which were abolished in the presence of PD98059 (an ERK1 inhibitor). To assess the functional relevance of probiotic-induced TLR modulation, we determined the consequences of L. crispatus preexposure on TLR4 (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) and TLR2 [Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4] ligand-mediated effects in intestinal epithelial cells. Preexposure to L. crispatus M247 blunted LPS-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) release and inhibition of CMT-93 migration over a wound edge, whereas it enhanced TLR2-mediated IL-10 up-regulation. In summary, the aggregation phenotype is required for L. crispatus persistence in the colon and for modulation of TLR2/TLR4 expression through an ERK-dependent pathway. We speculate that the aggregation phenotype in L. crispatus M247 is required to temper epithelial cell responsiveness to bacterial endotoxins, which thus affects the evolution of intestinal inflammatory processes.

Project description:BackgroundData on hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence are limited in developing countries. There is also limited information of consistent condom use efficacy for reducing HBV transmission at the population level. The study goal was to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with HBV infection in Peru, and the relationship between anti-HBc positivity and consistent condom use.Methods and findingsData from two different surveys performed in 28 mid-sized Peruvian cities were analyzed. Participants aged 18-29 years were selected using a multistage cluster sampling. Information was collected through a validated two-part questionnaire. The first part (face-to-face) concerned demographic data, while the second part (self-administered using handheld computers) concerned sexual behavior. Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) was tested in 7,000 blood samples. Prevalences and associations were adjusted for sample strata, primary sampling units and population weights. Anti-HBc prevalence was 5.0% (95%CI 4.1%-5.9%), with the highest prevalence among jungle cities: 16.3% (95%CI 13.8%-19.1%). In the multivariable analysis, Anti-HBc positivity was directly associated with geographic region (highlands OR?=?2.05; 95%CI 1.28-3.27, and jungle OR?=?4.86; 95%CI 3.05-7.74; compared to coastal region); and inversely associated with age at sexual debut (OR?=?0.90; 95%CI 0.85-0.97). Consistent condom use, evaluated in about 40% of participants, was associated with reduced prevalence (OR?=?0.34; 95%CI 0.15-0.79) after adjusting for gender, geographic region, education level, lifetime number of sex partners, age at sexual debut and year of survey.ConclusionResidence in highlands or jungle cities is associated with higher anti-HBc prevalences, whereas increasing age at sexual debut were associated with lower prevalences. Consistent condom use was associated with decreased risk of anti-HBc. Findings from this study emphasize the need of primary prevention programs (vaccination) especially in the jungle population, and imply that condom use promotion might be a potential strategy to prevent HBV infection.

Project description:Several fastidious bacteria have been associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), but their role in lactobacilli recolonization failure is unknown. We studied the effect of 7 BV-associated bacterial species and 2 Lactobacillus species on vaginal colonization with Lactobacillus crispatus CTV-05 (LACTIN-V).Twenty-four women with BV were given a 5-day course of metronidazole vaginal gel and then randomized 3:1 to receive either LACTIN-V or placebo applied vaginally once daily for 5 initial consecutive days, followed by a weekly application over 2 weeks. Vaginal swabs for L. crispatus CTV-05 culture and 9 bacterium-specific 16S rRNA gene quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were analyzed on several study visits for the 18 women receiving LACTIN-V.Vaginal colonization with CTV-05 was achieved in 61% of the participants receiving LACTIN-V at either day 10 or day 28 visit and 44% at day 28. Participants not colonized with CTV-05 had generally higher median concentrations of BV-associated bacteria compared to those who colonized. Between enrollment and day 28, the median concentration of Gardnerella vaginalis minimally reduced from 10 to 10 16S rRNA gene copies per swab in women who colonized with CTV-05 but increased from 10 to 10 in those who failed to colonize (P = 0.19). Similarly, the median concentration of Atopobium spp. reduced from 10 16S rRNA gene copies per swab to below limit of detection in women who colonized with CTV-05, but increased from 10 to 10 in those who failed to colonize (P = 0.04). The presence of endogenous L. crispatus at enrollment was found to be significantly associated with a reduced odds of colonization with CTV-05 on day 28 (P = 0.003), and vaginal intercourse during the study significantly impaired successful CTV-05 colonization (P = 0.018).Vaginal concentration of certain BV-associated bacteria, vaginal intercourse during treatment, and the presence of endogenous L. crispatus at enrollment predict colonization with probiotic lactobacilli.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Since pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is mainly prescribed to high-risk uninfected individuals, consistent condom use (CCU) continues to be recommended as an inexpensive, feasible, practical and acceptable way to prevent the general population from acquiring and transmitting HIV through sexual intercourse. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare the relative importance of various determinants of CCU among sexually experienced undergraduates in mainland China so as to assess and subsequently to suggest ways to eliminate inequities in its use. METHOD:From September 10, 2018, to January 9, 2019, an anonymous self-administered online questionnaire was voluntarily completed by 12,750 participants distributed across 30 provinces in mainland China (except for Tibet). The present analysis was restricted to 2054 sexually experienced undergraduates. Pearson's chi-square test and Logistic regression models were chosen to analyze the factors associated with CCU. RESULTS:The overall rate of CCU was 61.3% [95% confidence interval (CI)?=?59.2-63.4%]. CCU was inequitably distributed since enabling factors exerted greater effects than predisposing and need variables. Compared with heterosexual men, heterosexual women [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)?=?0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.64-0.96)], non-heterosexuals men (AOR?=?0.64, 95% CI:0.45-0.92) and women (AOR?=?0.68, 95% CI:0.47-0.99) were less prone to using condoms consistently. Those with more resources [i.e., higher levels of self- efficacy for condom use (AOR?=?2.86, 95% CI:2.35-3.49) and being knowledgeable of the national AIDS policy (AOR?=?1.50, 95% CI:1.23-1.82)], and those with lower need for condoms [i.e., late initiation of sexual activity (AOR?=?1.34, 95% CI:1.09-1.64) and single sexual partner (AOR?=?1.68,95% CI:1.21-2.33)] were more likely to be consistent condom users. CONCLUSIONS:In order to increase consistency of condom use and simultaneously reduce the remaining inequities, a comprehensive intervention measure should be taken to target heterosexual women, non-heterosexual men and women, and those with higher need for condoms, improve their condom use self- efficacy and raise their awareness of the national AIDS policy.

Dataset Information

Consistent condom use increases the colonization of Lactobacillus crispatus in the vagina.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Consistent condom use increases the colonization of Lactobacillus crispatus in the vagina.

Similar Datasets

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