Dataset Information

Cognitive reactivity, implicit associations, and the incidence of depression: a two-year prospective study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cognitive reactivity to sad mood is a vulnerability marker of depression. Implicit self-depressed associations are related to depression status and reduced remission probability. It is unknown whether these cognitive vulnerabilities precede the first onset of depression.

Aim

To test the predictive value of cognitive reactivity and implicit self-depressed associations for the incidence of depressive disorders.

Methods

Prospective cohort study of 834 never-depressed individuals, followed over a two-year period. The predictive value of cognitive reactivity and implicit self-depressed associations for the onset of depressive disorders was assessed using binomial logistic regression. The multivariate model corrected for baseline levels of subclinical depressive symptoms, neuroticism, for the presence of a history of anxiety disorders, for family history of depressive or anxiety disorders, and for the incidence of negative life events.

Results

As single predictors, both cognitive reactivity and implicit self-depressed associations were significantly associated with depression incidence. In the multivariate model, cognitive reactivity was significantly associated with depression incidence, together with baseline depressive symptoms and the number of negative life events, whereas implicit self-depressed associations were not.

Conclusion

Cognitive reactivity to sad mood is associated with the incidence of depressive disorders, also when various other depression-related variables are controlled for. Implicit self-depressed associations predicted depression incidence in a bivariate test, but not when controlling for other predictors.

SUBMITTER: Kruijt AW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3724814 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Cognitive reactivity, implicit associations, and the incidence of depression: a two-year prospective study.

Kruijt Anne-Wil AW Antypa Niki N Booij Linda L de Jong Peter J PJ Glashouwer Klaske K Penninx Brenda W J H BW Van der Does Willem W

PloS one 20130726 7

<h4>Background</h4>Cognitive reactivity to sad mood is a vulnerability marker of depression. Implicit self-depressed associations are related to depression status and reduced remission probability. It is unknown whether these cognitive vulnerabilities precede the first onset of depression.<h4>Aim</h4>To test the predictive value of cognitive reactivity and implicit self-depressed associations for the incidence of depressive disorders.<h4>Methods</h4>Prospective cohort study of 834 never-depresse ...[more]

PMID: 23922962

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Project description:BackgroundSubstantial evidence indicates that the relationship between blood pressure (BP) measures and cognitive functioning is inconsistent, complex, and age-related. Pulse pressure (PP), which can not only reflect arterial stiffness and but also represent the chronic effects of hypertension other than BP itself, has been considered as a better predictor of cognitive impairment. However, evidence on the association of cognitive function with PP has not been investigated extensively. We examined this relationship in a longitudinal study based on the latent growth model (LGM).MethodsThis study was based on a nationally representative sample of Chinese middle-aged and older participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a prospective observational study conducted from 2011 to 2016. Cognitive performance was assessed on the basis of three measures of cognition. The PP was calculated as the difference of the average values of three systolic and diastolic BP readings. A series of potential confounders were collected in this research. The LGM was used to examine the effects of PP on cognitive performance at three time points. To test the independent effects of PP on the initial level and the subsequent development of cognition, unconditional and conditional models were compared sequentially.ResultsAfter excluding respondents with missing key variables, we ultimately included 9750 participants in the analysis. Cognitive performance scores and PP showed significant differences across time. After adjustment for the confounders, the standardized coefficients of PP in the LGM indicated negative effects on cognitive performance in elderly Chinese participants at wave 2 and wave 3 (P < 0.01). The initial level of PP in the unconditional model was negatively associated with the initial level (β = - 0.25) and the slope (β = - 0.16) of cognition, whereas these effects were attenuated and the association between intercept of PP and slope of cognition became nonsignificant after controlling for the confounders.ConclusionsThe implications of these results demonstrate that a higher PP lowers the cognitive performance of middle-aged and elderly persons independent of a comprehensive set of covariates, but it is not a contributor to the rate of change in cognition.

Dataset Information

Cognitive reactivity, implicit associations, and the incidence of depression: a two-year prospective study.

Background

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Cognitive reactivity, implicit associations, and the incidence of depression: a two-year prospective study.

Similar Datasets

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