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Adsorption of a Protein Monolayer via Hydrophobic Interactions Prevents Nanoparticle Aggregation under Harsh Environmental Conditions.

ABSTRACT: We find that citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles aggregate and precipitate in saline solutions below the NaCl concentration of many bodily fluids and blood plasma. Our experiments indicate that this is due to complexation of the citrate anions with Na+ cations in solution. A dramatically enhanced colloidal stability is achieved when bovine serum albumin is adsorbed to the gold nanoparticle surface, completely preventing nanoparticle aggregation under harsh environmental conditions where the NaCl concentration is well beyond the isotonic point. Furthermore, we explore the mechanism of the formation of this albumin 'corona' and find that monolayer protein adsorption is most likely ruled by hydrophobic interactions. As for many nanotechnology-based biomedical and environmental applications, particle aggregation and sedimentation are undesirable and could substantially increase the risk of toxicological side-effects, the formation of the BSA corona presented here provides a low-cost bio-compatible strategy for nanoparticle stabilization and transport in highly ionic environments.

SUBMITTER: Dominguez-Medina S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3731158 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adsorption of a Protein Monolayer via Hydrophobic Interactions Prevents Nanoparticle Aggregation under Harsh Environmental Conditions.

Dominguez-Medina Sergio S Blankenburg Jan J Olson Jana J Landes Christy F CF Link Stephan S

ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 20130701 7

We find that citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles aggregate and precipitate in saline solutions below the NaCl concentration of many bodily fluids and blood plasma. Our experiments indicate that this is due to complexation of the citrate anions with Na<sup>+</sup> cations in solution. A dramatically enhanced colloidal stability is achieved when bovine serum albumin is adsorbed to the gold nanoparticle surface, completely preventing nanoparticle aggregation under harsh environmental conditions w ...[more]

PMID: 23914342

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Project description:Affordable and high-performing sensing platforms are becoming increasingly critical for sustainable environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics. Such miniaturized and point-of-care sensing platforms need to overcome the fundamental tradeoff between ultrahigh sensitivity and specificity while retaining the dynamic concentration range and robustness of operation. Therefore, designing scalable and robust sensors poses an escalating and immediate demand in a rapidly automated society. Addressing this demand, we demonstrate a cable-type electrochemical sensing platform exhibiting rapid (10 s), extremely reliable (RSD <5%) and ultrahigh sensitivity (ppb levels) towards K+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ found in complex biofluids such as human perspiration and effluent water. The sensor delivers quantifiable performance even with 10 μL of analyte without any requirement of purification or preconcentration and thereby overcomes an important bottleneck for on-field diagnostics. The backbone of the sensor consists of single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that are conformally coated on affordable cellulose yarns to form ideally non-Faradaic, electrically conductive, capacitive electrodes (CNT-thread). Subsequent coaxial coating of such CNT-threads with an appropriate ionophore membrane (IM) realizes the working electrode exhibiting uniformity in the surface coverage of the ionophore leading to reliable and directly quantifiable signals. Furthermore, we show that the extensive CNT-thread-IM interface is critical to achieve ultrahigh sensitivity and robust operability. Importantly, the design approach adopted is universal and scalable for a range of cations such as K+, Hg2+ and Cd2+. Thus, the sensor delivers ultrasensitive detection of K+ from very low volumes (10 μL) of human perspiration that contains a wide range of other ions (Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Fe2+, NO3 -, Cl-) at 1000-fold higher ionic strength along with bioinorganic suspended matter (dead cells, organelles). This eliminates any sample treatment or preconcentration requirements thereby overcoming a major obstacle for point-of-care applications. Furthermore, both multicomponent and multivariate analyses are demonstrated with the sensing device targeting portable and wearable applications.

Dataset Information

Adsorption of a Protein Monolayer via Hydrophobic Interactions Prevents Nanoparticle Aggregation under Harsh Environmental Conditions.

Publications

Adsorption of a Protein Monolayer via Hydrophobic Interactions Prevents Nanoparticle Aggregation under Harsh Environmental Conditions.

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