Dataset Information

Obesity-associated genetic variants in young Asian Indians with the metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Associations between obesity-related polymorphisms and the metabolic syndrome in 485 young ( ? 45 Years) Asian Indian patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and 300 matched controls were assessed. METHODS:Genetic variants included the adiponectin 45T?G and 276G?T, LEPR K109R and Q223R, MC4R-associated C?T and FTO A?T polymorphisms. RESULTS:The metabolic syndrome, as defined by NCEP ATP III and IDF criteria, was diagnosed in 61 and 60% of patients, respectively. No relationship was found between the obesity-associated polymorphisms and the metabolic syndrome, or between AMI patients and controls. The MC4R-associated TT genotype occurred more frequently in patients with lower triglyceride levels (p = 0.024), while the adiponectin 45 TT genotype occurred more commonly in patients with normal fasting glucose levels (p = 0.004). The LEPR Q223R TT genotype was associated with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION:The metabolic syndrome occurs commonly in young Asian Indian patients with AMI. No relationship was found between any obesity-associated polymorphism and the metabolic syndrome. Particular genotypes may exert protective or disadvantageous effects on individual components of the metabolic syndrome.

SUBMITTER: Ranjith N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3736384 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jan-Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Obesity-associated genetic variants in young Asian Indians with the metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction.

Ranjith N N Pegoraro R J RJ Shanmugam R R

Cardiovascular journal of Africa 20110101 1

<h4>Objective</h4>Associations between obesity-related polymorphisms and the metabolic syndrome in 485 young ( ≤ 45 Years) Asian Indian patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and 300 matched controls were assessed.<h4>Methods</h4>Genetic variants included the adiponectin 45T→G and 276G→T, LEPR K109R and Q223R, MC4R-associated C→T and FTO A→T polymorphisms.<h4>Results</h4>The metabolic syndrome, as defined by NCEP ATP III and IDF criteria, was diagnosed in 61 and 60% of patients, respec ...[more]

PMID: 21298202

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Asian Indians display a high prevalence of diseases linked to changes in diet and environment that have arisen as their lifestyle has become more westernized. Using 1200 genome-wide polymorphisms in 432 individuals from 15 Indian language groups, we have recently shown that: (i) Indians constitute a distinct population-genetic cluster, and (ii) despite the geographic and linguistic diversity of the groups they exhibit a relatively low level of genetic heterogeneity. RESULTS:We investigated the prevalence of common polymorphisms that have been associated with diseases, such as atherosclerosis (ALOX5), hypertension (CYP3A5, AGT, GNB3), diabetes (CAPN10, TCF7L2, PTPN22), prostate cancer (DG8S737, rs1447295), Hirschsprung disease (RET), and age-related macular degeneration (CFH, LOC387715). In addition, we examined polymorphisms associated with skin pigmentation (SLC24A5) and with the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (TAS2R38). All polymorphisms were studied in a cohort of 576 India-born Asian Indians sampled in the United States. This sample consisted of individuals whose mother tongue is one of 14 of the 22 "official" languages recognized in India as well as individuals whose mother tongue is Parsi, a cultural group that has resided in India for over 1000 years. Analysis of the data revealed that allele frequency differences between the different Indian language groups were small, and interestingly the variant alleles of ALOX5 g.8322G>A and g.50778G>A, and PTPN22 g.36677C>T were present only in a subset of the Indian language groups. Furthermore, a latitudinal cline was identified both for the allele frequencies of the SNPs associated with hypertension (CYP3A5, AGT, GNB3), as well as for those associated with the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (TAS2R38). CONCLUSION:Although caution is warranted due to the fact that this US-sampled Indian cohort may not represent a random sample from India, our results will hopefully assist in the design of future studies that investigate the genetic causes of these diseases in India. Our results also support the inclusion of the Indian population in disease-related genetic studies, as it exhibits unique genotype as well as phenotype characteristics that may yield new insights into the underlying causes of common diseases that are not available in other populations.

Project description:There is conflicting evidence about the association between dairy products and cardiometabolic risk (CMR). We aimed to assess the association of total dairy intake with CMR factors and to investigate the association of unfermented and fermented dairy intake with CMR in Asian Indians who are known to have greater susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases compared to white Europeans. The study comprised 1033 Asian Indian adults with normal glucose tolerance chosen from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated open-ended semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was diagnosed based on the new harmonising criteria using central obesity, dyslipidaemia [low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and increased serum triglycerides (TG)], hypertension and glucose intolerance. Increased consumption of dairy (≥5 cups per day of total, ≥4 cups per day of unfermented or ≥2 cups per day of fermented dairy) was associated with a lower risk of high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [hazards ratio (HR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68, 0.48-0.96 for total dairy; 0.57, 0.34-0.94 for unfermented dairy; and 0.64, 0.46-0.90 for fermented dairy; p < 0.05 for all] compared to a low dairy intake (≤1.4 cups per day of total dairy; ≤1 cup per day of unfermented dairy; and ≤0.1 cup per day of fermented dairy). A total dairy intake of ≥5 cups per day was also protective against high blood pressure (BP) (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43-0.99, p < 0.05), low HDL (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.43-0.92, p < 0.05) and MS (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.51-0.98, p < 0.05) compared to an intake of ≤1.4 cups per day. A high unfermented dairy intake (≥4 cups per day) was also associated with a lower risk of high body mass index (BMI) (HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.31-0.88, p < 0.05) compared to a low intake (≤1 cup per day), while a reduced risk of MS was observed with a fermented dairy intake of ≥2 cups per day (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.51-0.98, p < 0.05) compared to an intake of ≤0.1 cup per day. In summary, increased consumption of dairy was associated with a lower risk of MS and components of CMR.

Project description:OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and to identify predictors for the same, specific to an underdeveloped urban locale of Eastern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: STUDY DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study, with multistage random sampling technique. SETTING: Urban city-dwellers in Orissa one of the poorest states of Eastern India bordering a prosperous state of Andhra Pradesh of Southern India. PARTICIPANTS: 1178 adults of age 20-80 years randomly selected from 37 electoral wards of the urban city. Definition of Metabolic Syndrome: We followed a unified definition of the metabolic syndrome by joint interim statement of five major scientific organizations - the International Diabetes Federation, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the American Heart Association, the World Heart Federation, the International Atherosclerosis Society, and the International Association of the Study of Obesity. Individuals who meet at least three of five clinical criteria of abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceredimia, low HDL, hypertension, and hyperglycemia are diagnosed as having the condition; presence of none of these criteria is mandatory. Explicit cut points are defined for all criteria, except elevated waist circumference, which must rely on population and country-specific definitions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalence and significant predictors of metabolic syndrome. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Both descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Age-standardized prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome were 33.5% overall, 24.9 % in males and 42.3% in females. Older age, female gender, general obesity, inadequate fruit intake, hypercholesterolemia, and middle-to-high socioeconomic status significantly contributed to increased risk of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome is a significant public health problem even in one of the poorest states of India that needs to be tackled with proven strategies.

Dataset Information

Obesity-associated genetic variants in young Asian Indians with the metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction.

Publications

Obesity-associated genetic variants in young Asian Indians with the metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction.

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