Dataset Information

Prenatal nitrate intake from drinking water and selected birth defects in offspring of participants in the national birth defects prevention study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previous studies of prenatal exposure to drinking-water nitrate and birth defects in offspring have not accounted for water consumption patterns or potential interaction with nitrosatable drugs.

Objectives

We examined the relation between prenatal exposure to drinking-water nitrate and selected birth defects, accounting for maternal water consumption patterns and nitrosatable drug exposure.

Methods

With data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, we linked addresses of 3,300 case mothers and 1,121 control mothers from the Iowa and Texas sites to public water supplies and respective nitrate measurements. We assigned nitrate levels for bottled water from collection of representative samples and standard laboratory testing. Daily nitrate consumption was estimated from self-reported water consumption at home and work.

Results

With the lowest tertile of nitrate intake around conception as the referent group, mothers of babies with spina bifida were 2.0 times more likely (95% CI: 1.3, 3.2) to ingest ? 5 mg nitrate daily from drinking water (vs. < 0.91 mg) than control mothers. During 1 month preconception through the first trimester, mothers of limb deficiency, cleft palate, and cleft lip cases were, respectively, 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1, 3.1), 1.9 (95% CI: 1.2, 3.1), and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1, 3.1) times more likely than control mothers to ingest ? 5.42 mg of nitrate daily (vs. < 1.0 mg). Higher water nitrate intake did not increase associations between prenatal nitrosatable drug use and birth defects.

Conclusions

Higher water nitrate intake was associated with several birth defects in offspring, but did not strengthen associations between nitrosatable drugs and birth defects.

SUBMITTER: Brender JD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3764078 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prenatal nitrate intake from drinking water and selected birth defects in offspring of participants in the national birth defects prevention study.

Brender Jean D JD Weyer Peter J PJ Romitti Paul A PA Mohanty Binayak P BP Shinde Mayura U MU Vuong Ann M AM Sharkey Joseph R JR Dwivedi Dipankar D Horel Scott A SA Kantamneni Jiji J Huber John C JC Zheng Qi Q Werler Martha M MM Kelley Katherine E KE Griesenbeck John S JS Zhan F Benjamin FB Langlois Peter H PH Suarez Lucina L Canfield Mark A MA

Environmental health perspectives 20130614 9

<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies of prenatal exposure to drinking-water nitrate and birth defects in offspring have not accounted for water consumption patterns or potential interaction with nitrosatable drugs.<h4>Objectives</h4>We examined the relation between prenatal exposure to drinking-water nitrate and selected birth defects, accounting for maternal water consumption patterns and nitrosatable drug exposure.<h4>Methods</h4>With data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, we li ...[more]

PMID: 23771435

Similar Datasets

Project description:Evidence is emerging that preterm birth (PTB, birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation), a risk factor for neonatal mortality and future morbidity, may be induced by maternal nitrate ( NO3- ) exposure from drinking water. The objective of this study is to assess the association between maternal exposure to nitrate and the risk of PTB in a nationwide study of liveborn singletons.MethodsWe estimated maternal nitrate exposure from household tap water for 1,055,584 births in Denmark to Danish-born parents during 1991-2015 by linkage of individual home address(es) with nitrate concentrations from a national monitoring database. Nitrate exposure during pregnancy was modeled using four categories and continuously. Logistic models adjusted for sex, birth year, birth order, urbanicity, and maternal age, smoking, education, income, and employment, with generalized estimating equations were used to account for sibling clusters.ResultsA total of 1,009,189 births were included, comprising 51,747 PTB. An increase in the risk of PTB was seen across categories of exposure (P < 0.001) with an odds ratio (OR) in the uppermost category (>25 mg/L nitrate) of 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00, 1.10). Evidence of an exposure-response relationship was observed in models using continuous nitrate (OR = 1.01 [95% CI = 1.00, 1.03] per 10 mg/L nitrate). In sensitivity analyses, results were robust to the addition of variables for short inter-pregnancy interval (<1 year between births), maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, paternal socioeconomic status and age, season of birth, and inclusion of post-term births. Results were virtually unchanged when the analysis was restricted to women exposed to less than the current European Union standard of 50 mg/L.ConclusionWe observed an increasing risk of PTB with increases in nitrate in household tap water. These findings add to a growing body of evidence of adverse effects from nitrate in drinking water at levels below current regulatory levels.

Dataset Information

Prenatal nitrate intake from drinking water and selected birth defects in offspring of participants in the national birth defects prevention study.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Prenatal nitrate intake from drinking water and selected birth defects in offspring of participants in the national birth defects prevention study.

Similar Datasets

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