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Risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in Danish middle-aged and elderly twins.

ABSTRACT: Staphylococcus aureus is a human commensal bacterium found in the nasal cavity and other body sites. Identifying risk factors for S. aureus nasal carriage is of interest, as nasal carriage is a risk factor for subsequent invasive infection. We recently investigated the influence of host genetics on S. aureus carriage in Danish middle-aged and elderly twins, which indicated no significant heritability that could account for the observed S. aureus carriage. In the present study, we performed a questionnaire-based study of S. aureus colonization on the same cohort of 2,196 Danish middle-aged and elderly twins to identify specific risk factors for S. aureus nasal colonization, including analyzing the paired twins (n?=?478) that were discordant for S. aureus colonization. We found associations between risk factors and S. aureus nasal colonization among middle-aged and elderly twins, including age, male gender, psoriasis, and atopic diseases. Also, present living on a farm is clearly associated with S. aureus colonization, while smoking had a borderline statistically significant protective effect.

SUBMITTER: Andersen PS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3775156 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in Danish middle-aged and elderly twins.

Andersen P S PS Larsen L A LA Fowler V G VG Stegger M M Skov R L RL Christensen K K

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology 20130509 10

Staphylococcus aureus is a human commensal bacterium found in the nasal cavity and other body sites. Identifying risk factors for S. aureus nasal carriage is of interest, as nasal carriage is a risk factor for subsequent invasive infection. We recently investigated the influence of host genetics on S. aureus carriage in Danish middle-aged and elderly twins, which indicated no significant heritability that could account for the observed S. aureus carriage. In the present study, we performed a que ...[more]

PMID: 23657294

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Transient cognitive impairment is common in adult patients of all ages following anaesthesia and surgery. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ?4 carriers may have a larger deterioration in short-term cognitive function after major surgery compared with APOE ?4 noncarriers. OBJECTIVES:The aim was to examine the effect of APOE ?4 on the association between exposure to surgery and anaesthesia, and subsequent cognitive functioning. A more pronounced deterioration in cognitive function in APOE ?4 carriers was hypothesised. DESIGN:An observational cross-sectional and a 6 to 10 years longitudinal twin cohort design. SETTING:Survey and register study of 2936 Danish twins aged 45 to 92 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Cognitive function was assessed using five age-sensitive cognitive tests. In the cross-sectional study, we compared twins exposed to surgery with a reference group (unexposed). Linear regression models were used adjusting for sex and age and stratified by APOE ?4 carrier status. In the longitudinal cognitive follow-up study 1671 twins participated. Intrapair analyses were also performed using 70 same-sexed twin pairs concordant for APOE ?4 carrier status, but discordant for major surgery. RESULTS:APOE ?4 carriers had lower cognitive scores compared with noncarriers, and this was statistically significant in elderly twins 70+ years of age (mean difference, -0.67; 95% CI, -1.14 to -0.17). There was no significant impact on cognitive function after surgery according to APOE ?4 carrier status in the cross-sectional study. Similarly, there was no APOE ?4 modification in the longitudinal study. Also, in the intrapair analyses no evidence was found of lower cognitive score after major surgery compared with the nonexposed cotwins among APOE ?4 carriers. CONCLUSION:No evidence was found of more pronounced long-term deterioration in cognitive function after surgery among APOE ?4 carriers, but elderly APOE ?4 carriers in general performed worse on the cognitive tests than noncarriers.

Dataset Information

Risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in Danish middle-aged and elderly twins.

Publications

Risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in Danish middle-aged and elderly twins.

Similar Datasets

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