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Unusual presentation of propionic acidaemia as isolated cardiomyopathy.

ABSTRACT: Propionic acidaemia (PA) is an autosomal recessive disease that results from deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC). In the majority of reported cases, the phenotype includes metabolic acidosis and/or neurological deficits. We report on a 14-year-old Asian-American male with PA who presented with isolated cardiomyopathy without any documented episodes of metabolic acidosis or evidence of any neurocognitive deficits. On routine metabolic screening, the patient was found to have urine organic acids suggestive of PA. Biochemical and genetic characterization confirmed a PCC deficiency with two novel mutations in PCCB: IVS7 + 2 T > G (c.763 + 2 T > G) and p.R410Q (c.1229 G > A). Residual enzyme activity likely explains our patient's mild phenotype. Splicing mutations tend to result in a milder phenotype as these mutations may still produce small amounts of normal enzyme. In addition, the similar p.R410W mutation has been shown to have partial residual activity. Moreover, this case illustrates that a thorough metabolic evaluation should be performed in both paediatric and adult patients with cardiomyopathy. Such an evaluation has important implications for clinical management and genetic counselling.

SUBMITTER: Lee TM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3777722 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Unusual presentation of propionic acidaemia as isolated cardiomyopathy.

Lee T M TM Addonizio L J LJ Barshop B A BA Chung W K WK

Journal of inherited metabolic disease 20090224

Propionic acidaemia (PA) is an autosomal recessive disease that results from deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC). In the majority of reported cases, the phenotype includes metabolic acidosis and/or neurological deficits. We report on a 14-year-old Asian-American male with PA who presented with isolated cardiomyopathy without any documented episodes of metabolic acidosis or evidence of any neurocognitive deficits. On routine metabolic screening, the patient was found to have urine organ ...[more]

PMID: 19238581

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Project description:Propionic acidaemia (PA) results from deficiency of Propionyl CoA carboxylase, the commonest form presenting in the neonatal period. Despite best current management, PA is associated with severe neurological sequelae, in particular movement disorders resulting from basal ganglia infarction, although the pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The role of liver transplantation remains controversial but may confer some neuro-protection. The present study utilises quantitative magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to investigate brain metabolite alterations in propionic acidaemia during metabolic stability and acute encephalopathic episodes.Quantitative MRS was used to evaluate brain metabolites in eight children with neonatal onset propionic acidaemia, with six elective studies acquired during metabolic stability and five studies during acute encephalopathic episodes. MRS studies were acquired concurrently with clinically indicated MR imaging studies at 1.5 Tesla. LCModel software was used to provide metabolite quantification. Comparison was made with a dataset of MRS metabolite concentrations from a cohort of children with normal appearing MR imaging.MRI findings confirm the vulnerability of basal ganglia to infarction during acute encephalopathy. We identified statistically significant decreases in basal ganglia glutamate+glutamine and N-Acetylaspartate, and increase in lactate, during encephalopathic episodes. In white matter lactate was significantly elevated but other metabolites not significantly altered. Metabolite data from two children who had received liver transplantation were not significantly different from the comparator group.The metabolite alterations seen in propionic acidaemia in the basal ganglia during acute encephalopathy reflect loss of viable neurons, and a switch to anaerobic respiration. The decrease in glutamine + glutamate supports the hypothesis that they are consumed to replenish a compromised Krebs cycle and that this is a marker of compromised aerobic respiration within brain tissue. Thus there is a need for improved brain protective strategies during acute metabolic decompensations. MRS provides a non-invasive tool for which could be employed to evaluate novel treatments aimed at restoring basal ganglia homeostasis. The results from the liver transplantation sub-group supports the hypothesis that liver transplantation provides systemic metabolic stability by providing a hepatic pool of functional propionyl CoA carboxylase, thus preventing further acute decompensations which are associated with the risk of brain infarction.

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Unusual presentation of propionic acidaemia as isolated cardiomyopathy.

Publications

Unusual presentation of propionic acidaemia as isolated cardiomyopathy.

Similar Datasets

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