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Cardiac glutaminolysis: a maladaptive cancer metabolism pathway in the right ventricle in pulmonary hypertension.


ABSTRACT: The rapid growth of cancer cells is permitted by metabolic changes, notably increased aerobic glycolysis and increased glutaminolysis. Aerobic glycolysis is also evident in the hypertrophying myocytes in right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), particularly in association with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It is unknown whether glutaminolysis occurs in the heart. We hypothesized that glutaminolysis occurs in RVH and assessed the precipitating factors, transcriptional mechanisms, and physiological consequences of this metabolic pathway. RVH was induced in two models, one with PAH (Monocrotaline-RVH) and the other without PAH (pulmonary artery banding, PAB-RVH). Despite similar RVH, ischemia as determined by reductions in RV VEGF?, coronary blood flow, and microvascular density was greater in Monocrotaline-RVH versus PAB-RVH. A sixfold increase in (14)C-glutamine metabolism occurred in Monocrotaline-RVH but not in PAB-RVH. In the RV working heart model, the glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) decreased glutaminolysis, caused a reciprocal increase in glucose oxidation, and elevated cardiac output. Consistent with the increased glutaminolysis in RVH, RV expressions of glutamine transporters (SLC1A5 and SLC7A5) and mitochondrial malic enzyme were elevated (Monocrotaline-RVH > PAB-RVH > control). Capillary rarefaction and glutamine transporter upregulation also occurred in RVH in patients with PAH. cMyc and Max, known to mediate transcriptional upregulation of glutaminolysis, were increased in Monocrotaline-RVH. In vivo, DON (0.5 mg/kg/day?×?3 weeks) restored pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, reduced RVH, and increased cardiac output (89?±?8, vs. 55?±?13 ml/min, p?

SUBMITTER: Piao L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3783571 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cardiac glutaminolysis: a maladaptive cancer metabolism pathway in the right ventricle in pulmonary hypertension.

Piao Lin L   Fang Yong-Hu YH   Parikh Kishan K   Ryan John J JJ   Toth Peter T PT   Archer Stephen L SL  

Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) 20130621 10


<h4>Unlabelled</h4>The rapid growth of cancer cells is permitted by metabolic changes, notably increased aerobic glycolysis and increased glutaminolysis. Aerobic glycolysis is also evident in the hypertrophying myocytes in right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), particularly in association with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It is unknown whether glutaminolysis occurs in the heart. We hypothesized that glutaminolysis occurs in RVH and assessed the precipitating factors, transcriptional mech  ...[more]

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