Dataset Information

Association between adherence to nutritional guidelines, the metabolic syndrome and adiposity markers in a French adult general population.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Few studies have focused on the association between diet quality scores and the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a multi-component condition predictive of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and death. The present study aims at investigating, in a cross-sectional design, the association between adherence to the French dietary guidelines through an a priori score - the French Nutrition and Health Program-Guideline Score (PNNS-GS) - and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) including the MetS and adiposity markers.

Methods

7902 French adults participating in the NutriNet-Santé study (an on-going web-based cohort study) attended a clinical and biological examination between January 2011 and November 2012: a fasting blood sample was drawn, blood pressure and body composition (bio-impedance) were measured. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association between PNNS-GS and CVRF or the MetS.

Results

An increase of PNNS-GS was significantly negatively associated with waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and serum triglycerides concentrations. From bottom to top quartile of PNNS-GS, SBP decreased from 129.9 to 128.8 mm Hg, DBP from 76.7 to 75.9 mm Hg, serum triglycerides concentrations from 110.8 to 104.6 mg/dL and WC from 94.8 to 90.1 cm for men and 81.3 to 78.9 cm for women. All adiposity markers (waist and hip circumference, % body fat, % trunk fat, % leg fat) were markedly reduced across quartiles of PNNS-GS and linearly. Individuals with a better PNNS-GS (quartile 4 vs quartile 1) were less likely to have the MetS (OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.56-0.89).

Conclusion

The negative association between a higher adherence to the French dietary guidelines and a number of CVRF, the MetS prevalence and regional adiposity supports the importance of promoting the PNNS dietary guidelines in the population for the prevention of cardiometabolic abnormalities and hence, cardiovascular diseases.

SUBMITTER: Lassale C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3790685 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Association between adherence to nutritional guidelines, the metabolic syndrome and adiposity markers in a French adult general population.

Lassale Camille C Galan Pilar P Julia Chantal C Fezeu Leopold L Hercberg Serge S Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle E

PloS one 20131004 10

<h4>Introduction</h4>Few studies have focused on the association between diet quality scores and the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a multi-component condition predictive of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and death. The present study aims at investigating, in a cross-sectional design, the association between adherence to the French dietary guidelines through an a priori score - the French Nutrition and Health Program-Guideline Score (PNNS-GS) - and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) including the Met ...[more]

PMID: 24124548

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The French dietary guidelines were updated in 2017, and an adherence score to the new guidelines (Programme National Nutrition Santé Guidelines Score 2 [PNNS-GS2]) has been developed and validated recently. Since overweight and obesity are key public health issues and have been related to major chronic conditions, this prospective study aimed to measure the association between PNNS-GS2 and risk of overweight and obesity, and to compare these results with those for the modified Programme National Nutrition Santé Guidelines Score (mPNNS-GS1), reflecting adherence to 2001 guidelines. METHODS AND FINDINGS:Participants (N = 54,089) were recruited among French adults (?18 years old, mean baseline age = 47.1 [SD 14.1] years, 78.3% women) in the NutriNet-Santé web-based cohort. Mean (SD) score was 1.7 (3.3) for PNNS-GS2 and 8.2 (1.6) for mPNNS-GS1. Selected participants were those included between 2009 and 2014 and followed up to September 2018 (median follow-up = 6 years). Collected data included at least three 24-hour dietary records over a 2-year period following inclusion, baseline sociodemographics, and anthropometric data over time. In Cox regression models, PNNS-GS2 was strongly and linearly associated with a lower risk of overweight and obesity (HR for quintile 5 versus quintile 1 [95% CI] = 0.48 [0.43-0.54], p < 0.001, and 0.47 [0.40-0.55], p < 0.001, for overweight and obesity, respectively). These results were much weaker for mPNNS-GS1 (HR for quintile 5 versus quintile 1 = 0.90 [0.80-0.99], p = 0.03, and 0.98 [0.84-1.15], p = 0.8, for overweight and obesity, respectively). In multilevel models, PNNS-GS2 was negatively associated with baseline BMI and BMI increase over time (? for a 1-SD increase in score [95% CI] = -0.040 [-0.041; -0.038], p < 0.001, and -0.00080 [-0.00094; -0.00066], p < 0.001, respectively). In "direct comparison" models, PNNS-GS2 was associated with a lower risk of overweight and obesity, lower baseline BMI, and lower BMI increase over time than mPNNS-GS1. Study limitations include possible selection bias, reliance on participant self-report, use of arbitrary cutoffs in data analyses, and residual confounding, but robustness was tested in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest that adherence to the 2017 French dietary guidelines is associated with a lower risk of overweight and obesity. The magnitude of the association and the results of the direct comparison reinforced the validity of the updated recommendations. TRIAL REGISTRATION:The NutriNet-Santé Study ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03335644).

Project description:Aims of the studyDespite the widespread existence of guidelines regarding undernutrition monitoring and reporting, there is scarce information whether they are followed. We aimed to evaluate the adherence to guidelines regarding undernutrition monitoring and reporting as well as their determinants in a university hospital.MethodsRetrospective analysis of discharged patients with data on Nutritional Risk Screening score (NRS-2002) from the department of internal medicine of the Lausanne University Hospital for years 2013-14. Adherence to the hospital monitoring guidelines, i.e.: 1) discharged patients with NRS-2002 score?3 should have prealbumin levels measured, and 2) discharged patients with prealbumin levels<0.20 g/l should be rechecked 7 days afterwards, was assessed. Reporting of nutritionally 'at-risk' status in the discharge letter was also assessed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine potential determinants of adherence to guidelines.ResultsOf the 2,539 discharged patients with NRS-2002 data, 1,605 (63.0%) were nutritionally 'at-risk'. Complete adherence to the monitoring guideline was observed in 238 (14.8%) of 'at-risk' patients. After multivariable analysis, adherence to the first step of monitoring guideline was associated with older age (? 80 years) [OR (95% CI): 2.03 (1.29-3.18)], high comorbidity index [1.36 (1.05-1.77)], and nutritional management [5.57 (4.38-7.07)]. Nutritional management was also associated with adherence to the second step of monitoring [3.98 (2.33-6.78)]. Adherence to the reporting guideline was observed in 343 (21.4%) of 'at-risk' patients. Multivariable analysis showed that adherence to the reporting guideline was associated with NRS-2002 score>4 [1.97 (1.47-2.64)], nutritional management [3.80 (2.85-5.07)], and adherence to the monitoring guideline [3.33 (2.35-4.71)].ConclusionsOur results show a poor adherence to guidelines regarding undernutrition monitoring and reporting, possibly due to lack of training, staff, and time.

Project description:Adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) refers to decreased secretion of growth hormones in the adults, which is associated with increased clustering of conventional cardiovascular risk factors such as central obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a recognized risk factor of cardiovascluar diseases, shares some clinical features. Given that the prevalence of MetS is on the rise in patients with AGHD, and that cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in that population, the alternative, simple, non-invasive methods of assessing MetS among this population are needed. This study aims to determine the sensitivity of five anthropometric indices [Body mass index (BMI), Waist circumference (WC), Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and Visceral adiposity index (VAI)] in predicting metabolic syndrome in Chinese population-based patients with adult growth hormone deficiency.A total of 96 Chinese patients with adult growth hormone deficiency were included in this study. They were compared with equal number of apparently healthy persons with similar characteristics (matched with age and gender) to the previous group. Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, serum lipids indices, blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), WC were measured. BMI, WHR, WHtR, and VAI were calculated.AGHD patients with MetS had higher WC (91.00?±?8.28 vs 78.01?±?7.12), BMI (24.95?±?2.91 VS 23.30?±?2.80), WHR (0.92?±?0.06 VS 0.87?±?0.07), WHtR (0.53?±?0.06 VS 0.47?±?0.05), VAI [(5.59 (4.02, 7.55) VS 1.69 (0.87, 3.05)] levels in comparison to those without MetS. Meantime WC, BMI, WHR, WHtR, VAI was positively correlated to MetS components. ROC curve for participants with AGHD showed that VAI had the highest SS of 92% (BMI 0.812; WHR 0.706; WHtR 0.902; VAI 0.920, respectively) for prediction of MetS in AGHD. The optimal cutoff values for different adiposity markers in predicting MetS were as follows: WC (79.65), BMI (23.46); WHR (0.89); WHtR (0.54); VAI (2.29).In conclusion, our study showed all adiposity measures of interest present themselves as easy and practical tools for use in population studies and clinical practice for evaluating MetS in AGDH and VAI was identified as the best in Chinese AGHD patients among them.

Project description:BackgroundObesity and metabolic diseases represent a major health burden in the Caribbean, particularly since a large part of the population is disadvantaged. However, socioeconomic inequalities in chronic diseases are poorly explored in this region. We investigated the association between socioeconomic position and metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence and explored the contribution of diet quality to explain this association, among adults in the French West Indies.MethodsThis cross-sectional analysis included 1144 subjects (≥16 y) from a multistage sampling survey conducted in 2013-2014 on a representative sample of the Guadeloupean and Martinican population. MetS prevalence was assessed using the Joint Interim Statement. Dietary intakes were estimated from 24 h-dietary recalls, and diet quality was assessed through the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Associations between socioeconomic indicators (education, employment, social assistance benefits) and MetS prevalence, and the potential contribution of diet quality in this association were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsMetS prevalence adjusted for age and sex was 21 and 30% among Guadeloupean and Martinican, respectively. Compared to high-educated participants, low-educated subjects were more likely to be at risk of MetS (OR = 2.4; 95%CI = [1.3-4.4], respectively), as were recipients of social assistance benefits compared to non-recipients (OR = 2.0; 95%CI = [1.0-4.0]). The DQI-I explained 10.5% of the overall variation in MetS due to education.ConclusionsSocioeconomic inequalities in MetS prevalence, reflected by education and social assistance benefits, were found. However, diet quality contributed only to socioeconomic inequalities due to education underlining that education may impact health through the ability to generate overall dietary behavior, long-term beneficial. Our work identified subgroups with higher risk of MetS, which is needed when implementing public health measures, particularly in this Caribbean population with of high poverty rates. Further prospective studies are needed to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of social inequalities in MetS in a high poverty rates context.

Dataset Information

Association between adherence to nutritional guidelines, the metabolic syndrome and adiposity markers in a French adult general population.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Association between adherence to nutritional guidelines, the metabolic syndrome and adiposity markers in a French adult general population.

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