Dataset Information

Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus transmission in childcare.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important cause of serious respiratory infections in young children. No prior studies using molecular techniques to examine RSV transmission in the community childcare setting have been performed.

Objectives

We seek to characterize the molecular epidemiology of RSV transmission in childcare to evaluate the impact of RSV disease in a community-based population.

Methods

We sequenced RSV-positive nasopharyngeal samples from a prospective longitudinal study of respiratory illnesses among children enrolled in childcare during three winter seasons. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to identify unique viral strains.

Results

RSV was detected in 59 (11%) illnesses. Compared to RSV-negative illnesses, RSV-positive illnesses were associated with longer symptom duration and increased frequency of health care visits. Another respiratory virus was detected in 42 (71%) RSV-positive illnesses. RSV viral load did not differ between RSV-positive illnesses with and without another respiratory virus identified (P = 0.38). In two childcare rooms, 50% of the children had RSV detected within six days of the first case. Five (38%) of 13 illness episodes from one childcare room were sequenced and shown to be the same viral strain, suggesting rapid child-to-child transmission within the room over a 16 day period.

Conclusions

RSV is rapidly transmitted within childcare. Childcare facilities may serve as ideal sites for evaluation of new prevention strategies given the high burden of RSV disease in this population and the rapidity of RSV spread between children.

SUBMITTER: Chu HY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3800193 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus transmission in childcare.

Chu Helen Y HY Kuypers Jane J Renaud Christian C Wald Anna A Martin Emily E Fairchok Mary M Magaret Amalia A Sarancino Misty M Englund Janet A JA

Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology 20130517 4

<h4>Background</h4>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important cause of serious respiratory infections in young children. No prior studies using molecular techniques to examine RSV transmission in the community childcare setting have been performed.<h4>Objectives</h4>We seek to characterize the molecular epidemiology of RSV transmission in childcare to evaluate the impact of RSV disease in a community-based population.<h4>Methods</h4>We sequenced RSV-positive nasopharyngeal samples f ...[more]

PMID: 23684816

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Project description:BackgroundHuman respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection and hospitalization, especially in children. Highly mutagenic nature and antigenic diversity enable the RSV to successfully survive in human population. We conducted a molecular epidemiological study during 2017-2021 to investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of RSV.MethodsA total of 6499 nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs were collected from hospitalized children at Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. All NP swab specimens were preliminary screened for common respiratory viruses and then tested for RSV using specific PCR assays. Partial G genes of RSV were amplified for phylogenetic analysis and genetic characterization.ResultsThe overall detection rate for common respiratory viruses was 16.12% (1048/6499). Among those, 405 specimens (6.20%, 405/6499) were found positive for RSV. The monthly distribution of RSV and other respiratory viruses was variable, and the highest incidence was recorded in Autumn and Winter. Based on the sequencing of hypervariable region of G gene, 93 RSV sequences were sub-grouped into RSV-A (56, 60.2%) and RSV-B (37, 39.8%). There was no coinfection of RSV-A and RSV-B in the tested samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that RSV-A and RSV-B strains belonged to ON1 and BA9 genotypes respectively, indicating predominance of these genotypes in Guangzhou. Several substitutions were observed which may likely change the antigenicity and pathogenicity of RSV. Multiple glycosylation sites were noticed, demonstrating high selection pressure on these genotypes.ConclusionThis study illustrated useful information about epidemiology, genetic characteristics, and circulating genotypes of RSV in Guangzhou China. Regular monitoring of the circulating strains of RSV in different parts of China could assist in the development of more effective vaccines and preventive measures.

Project description:BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The glycoprotein (G protein) and fusion protein (F protein) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) both show genetic variability, but few studies have examined the F protein gene. This study aimed to characterize the molecular epidemiology and phylodynamics of the F protein gene in clinical RSV strains isolated in northern Taiwan from 2000-2011. METHODS: RSV isolates from children presenting with acute respiratory symptoms between July 2000 and June 2011 were typed based on F protein gene sequences. Phylogeny construction and evaluation were performed using the neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Phylodynamic patterns in RSV F protein genes were analyzed using the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework. Selection pressure on the F protein gene was detected using the Datamonkey website interface. RESULTS: From a total of 325 clinical RSV strains studied, phylogenetic analysis showed that 83 subgroup A strains (RSV-A) could be further divided into three clusters, whereas 58 subgroup B strains (RSV-B) had no significant clustering. Three amino acids were observed to differ between RSV-A and -B (positions 111, 113, and 114) in CTL HLA-B*57- and HLA-A*01-restricted epitopes. One positive selection site was observed in RSV-B, while none was observed in RSV-A. The evolution rate of the virus had very little change before 2000, then slowed down between 2000 and 2005, and evolved significantly faster after 2005. The dominant subtypes of RSV-A in each epidemic were replaced by different subtypes in the subsequent epidemic. CONCLUSIONS: Before 2004, RSV-A infections were involved in several small epidemics and only very limited numbers of strains evolved and re-emerged in subsequent years. After 2005, the circulating RSV-A strains were different from those of the previous years and continued evolving through 2010. Phylodynamic pattern showed the evolutionary divergence of RSV increased significantly in the recent 5 years in northern Taiwan.

Dataset Information

Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus transmission in childcare.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus transmission in childcare.

Similar Datasets

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