Dataset Information

Gender differences in the association between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease: the Hisayama Study.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

Periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome (MS) are more prevalent in males than in females. However, whether there is a gender difference in the association between these health conditions has not yet been investigated. This study examined the gender difference in this association, considering the definition of periodontal disease.

Materials and methods

We recruited 1040 males and 1330 females, aged ?40 years, with at least ten teeth from subjects of the 2007 Hisayama health examination. We performed a logistic regression analysis with various definitions of periodontal disease the dependent variable and MS as the independent variable. Following the analysis, the data were reanalysed with the structural equations model.

Results

The logistic regression analysis suggested a stronger association between periodontal disease and MS in females than that in males when periodontal disease was more severely defined. When we constructed the structural equations model in each gender, the model showed a good fit to the data of females, suggesting the association between periodontal disease and MS in females, but not in males.

Conclusions

Gender differences seem to exist in the association between periodontal disease and MS; MS might show a stronger association with periodontal disease in females than in males.

SUBMITTER: Furuta M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3807558 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Gender differences in the association between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease: the Hisayama Study.

Furuta Michiko M Shimazaki Yoshihiro Y Takeshita Toru T Shibata Yukie Y Akifusa Sumio S Eshima Nobuoki N Kiyohara Yutaka Y Ninomiya Toshiharu T Hirakawa Yoichiro Y Mukai Naoko N Nagata Masaharu M Yamashita Yoshihisa Y

Journal of clinical periodontology 20130801 8

<h4>Aims</h4>Periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome (MS) are more prevalent in males than in females. However, whether there is a gender difference in the association between these health conditions has not yet been investigated. This study examined the gender difference in this association, considering the definition of periodontal disease.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>We recruited 1040 males and 1330 females, aged ≥40 years, with at least ten teeth from subjects of the 2007 Hisayama health ...[more]

PMID: 23829196

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Project description:BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a conglomerate of several physical conditions/diseases that, as a group, increases the risk of mortality resulting from development of T2DM and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). These conditions/diseases include glucose intolerance/insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia. The results from epidemiological studies suggest that there is an association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and periodontitis, it is therefore important to understand the current status of the association and a possible contribution of periodontitis to MetS.ObjectiveThis review will qualitatively analyze published papers on the association of MetS and periodontitis/periodontal disease to clarify the current status of the association and suggest future directions for studies which may unravel the causal relationship between them.ResultsOf 309 papers related to MetS and periodontitis, 26 are original research papers that investigated the relationship/association between periodontal disease and MetS. Criteria used to assess periodontitis and MetS as well as overall study designs and patient recruitment criteria varied greatly among these studies.ConclusionAll these studies demonstrated a positive association between periodontal disease and MetS. However, due to the heterogeneity of criteria to assess periodontitis and MetS and also paucity of longitudinal studies, it is difficult to determine the relative contribution of periodontitis to MetS. Age and the number of positive components of MetS appear to strengthen the relationship, however, incidence of each disease entity increases with ageing. Thus, mechanistic studies are also necessary to unravel the inter-relationship between periodontitis and MetS. In this regard, a use of animal models will be helpful as they are more uniform in regards to genetic background and have minimum confounding factors. Finally, development of accurate, quantitative assessment of gingival inflammation are necessary in order to determine the influence of periodontal disease on the development of MetS and its components.

Project description:Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of 3 or more risk factors for cardiovascular disease, is associated with periodontal disease, but few studies have been prospective in design. This study's aim was to determine whether metabolic syndrome predicts tooth loss and worsening of periodontal disease in a cohort of 760 men in the Department of Veterans Affairs Dental Longitudinal Study and Normative Aging Study who were followed up to 33 y from 1981 to 2013. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured with a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Waist circumference was measured in units of 0.1 cm following a normal expiration. Fasting blood samples were measured in duplicate for glucose, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein. Calibrated periodontists served as dental examiners. Periodontal outcome events on each tooth were defined as progression to predefined threshold levels of probing pocket depth (?5 mm), clinical attachment loss (?5 mm), mobility (?0.5 mm), and alveolar bone loss (?40% of the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the root apex, on radiographs). Hazards ratios (95% confidence intervals) of tooth loss or a periodontitis event were estimated from tooth-level extended Cox proportional hazards regression models that accounted for clustering of teeth within individuals and used time-dependent status of metabolic syndrome. Covariates included age, education, smoking status, plaque level, and initial level of the appropriate periodontal disease measure. Metabolic syndrome as defined by the International Diabetes Federation increased the hazards of tooth loss (1.39; 1.08 to 1.79), pocket depth ?5 mm (1.37; 1.14 to 1.65), clinical attachment loss ?5 mm (1.19; 1.00 to 1.41), alveolar bone loss ?40% (1.25; 1.00 to 1.56), and tooth mobility ?0.5 mm (1.43; 1.07 to 1.89). The number of positive metabolic syndrome conditions was also associated with each of these outcomes. These findings suggest that the metabolic disturbances that comprise the metabolic syndrome may play a role in the development or worsening of periodontitis.

Project description:BackgroundWe aimed to investigate the gender difference in the association between changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) among adult participants in the Tehran lipid and glucose study cohort.MethodsA total of 4624 adults (aged ≥ 30 years) who participated in two Phases 2 (2002-2005) and 3 (2005-2008) were included and followed up until 2018. Based on the status of MetS and its components in two phases, we divided participants into four groups: MetS-free, MetS-developed, MetS-recovery and MetS-stable groups, and similar categories were defined for MetS components. Multiple Cox regression models were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and women-to-men ratios of HRs (RHRs).ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 11.6 years, 619 CVD events (292 women) and 512 CHD events (230 women) occurred. In both genders, the MetS-stable group had the highest risk of CVD and CHD, compared with the MetS-free group, but the associations were stronger in women than men: the HR (95% CI) were (2.76, 2.00-3.82) and (3.08, 2.15-4.40) for CVD and CHD, respectively, in women, and (1.60, 1.23-2.09) and (1.74, 1.30-2.31) for men. The multivariate adjusted women-to-men RHRs were (1.72, 1.16-2.56) for CVD and (1.77, 1.14-2.73) for CHD. Only among women, the risks for CVD in MetS-recovery group (1.67, 1.06-2.63) and MetS-developed group (1.89, 1.16-3.06|) were higher than MetS-free group. For CHD, women in MetS-developed group (1.86, 1.07-3.22) had higher risk than MetS-free group. However, no evidence of gender difference was observed in these associations. Among MetS components, persistent high blood pressure (BP) conferred greater risk for CVD and CHD in women than men; the women-to-men RHRs of CVD and CHD for high BP-stable groups were 1.54 (1.05-2.26) and 1.62 (1.07-2.47), respectively. For CHD events, persistent high fasting plasma glucose was associated with greater risk in women than men with women-to-men RHRs of 1.62 (1.09-2.40).ConclusionChange in MetS and its key components were associated with different risks for CVD events in both genders, with generally stronger associations in women than men.

Dataset Information

Gender differences in the association between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease: the Hisayama Study.

Aims

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Gender differences in the association between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease: the Hisayama Study.

Similar Datasets

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