Dataset Information

Epidemiological survey-based formulae to approximate incidence and prevalence of neurological disorders in the United States: a meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

This study aims to create a convenient reference for both clinicians and researchers so that vis-à-vis comparisons between brain disorders can be made quickly and accurately. We report here the incidence and prevalence of the major adult-onset brain disorders in the United States using a meta-analysis approach.

Material and methods

Epidemiological figures were collected from the most recent, reliable data available in the research literature. Population statistics were based on the most recent census from the US Census Bureau. Extrapolations were made only when necessary. The most current epidemiological studies for each disorder were chosen. All effort was made to use studies based on national cohorts. Studies reviewed were conducted between 1950 and 2009. The data of the leading studies for several neurological studies was compiled in order to obtain the most accurate extrapolations. Results were compared to commonly accepted values in order to evaluate validity.

Results

It was found that 6.75% of the American adult population is afflicted with brain disorders. This number was eclipsed by the 8.02% of Floridians with brain disorders, which is due to the large aged population residing in the state.

Conclusions

There was a noticeable lack of epidemiological data concerning adult-onset brain disorders. Since approximately 1 out of every 7 households is affected by brain disorders, increased research into this arena is warranted.

SUBMITTER: Borlongan CV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3812041 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Epidemiological survey-based formulae to approximate incidence and prevalence of neurological disorders in the United States: a meta-analysis.

Borlongan Cesar V CV Burns Jack J Tajiri Naoki N Stahl Christine E CE Weinbren Nathan L NL Shojo Hideki H Sanberg Paul R PR Emerich Dwaine F DF Kaneko Yuji Y van Loveren Harry R HR

PloS one 20131024 10

<h4>Background</h4>This study aims to create a convenient reference for both clinicians and researchers so that vis-à-vis comparisons between brain disorders can be made quickly and accurately. We report here the incidence and prevalence of the major adult-onset brain disorders in the United States using a meta-analysis approach.<h4>Material and methods</h4>Epidemiological figures were collected from the most recent, reliable data available in the research literature. Population statistics were ...[more]

PMID: 24205243

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Captive elephants infected with tuberculosis are implicated as an occupational source of zoonotic tuberculosis. However, accurate estimates of prevalence and incidence of elephant tuberculosis from well-defined captive populations are lacking in the literature. Studies published in recent years contain a wide range of prevalence estimates calculated from summary data. Incidence estimates of elephant tuberculosis in captive elephants are not available. OBJECTIVE:This study estimated the annual point prevalence, annual incidence, cumulative incidence, and incidence density of tuberculosis in captive elephants within the USA during the past 52 years. ANIMALS AND METHODS:We combined existing elephant census records from captive elephants in the USA with tuberculosis culture results obtained from trunk washes or at necropsy. This data set included 15 years where each elephant was screened annually. RESULTS:Between 1960 and 1996, the annual point prevalence of tuberculosis complex mycobacteria for both species was 0. From 1997 through 2011, the median point prevalence within the Asian elephant population was 5.1%, with a range from 0.3% to 6.7%. The incidence density was 9.7 cases/1000 elephant years (95% CI: 7.0-13.4). In contrast, the annual point prevalence during the same time period within the African elephant population remained 0 and the incidence density was 1.5 cases/1000 elephant years (95% CI: 0.7-4.0). CONCLUSIONS:The apparent increase in new cases noted after 1996 resulted from a combination of both index cases and the initiation of mandatory annual tuberculosis screening in 1997 for all the elephants. This study found lower annual point prevalence estimates than previously reported in the literature. These discrepancies in prevalence estimates are primarily due to differences in terminology and calculation methods. Using the same intensive testing regime, the incidence of tuberculosis differed significantly between Asian and African elephants. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE:Accurate and species specific knowledge of prevalence and incidence will inform our efforts to mitigate occupational risks associated with captive elephants in the USA.

Dataset Information

Epidemiological survey-based formulae to approximate incidence and prevalence of neurological disorders in the United States: a meta-analysis.

Background

Material and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Epidemiological survey-based formulae to approximate incidence and prevalence of neurological disorders in the United States: a meta-analysis.

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