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Full printable processed mesoscopic CH?NH?PbI?/TiO? heterojunction solar cells with carbon counter electrode.

ABSTRACT: A mesoscopic methylammonium lead iodide (CH?NH?PbI?) perovskite/TiO? heterojunction solar cell is developed with low-cost carbon counter electrode (CE) and full printable process. With carbon black/spheroidal graphite CE, this mesoscopic heterojunction solar cell presents high stability and power conversion efficiency of 6.64%, which is higher than that of the flaky graphite based device and comparable to the conventional Au version.

SUBMITTER: Ku Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3816285 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Full printable processed mesoscopic CH₃NH₃PbI₃/TiO₂ heterojunction solar cells with carbon counter electrode.

Ku Zhiliang Z Rong Yaoguang Y Xu Mi M Liu Tongfa T Han Hongwei H

Scientific reports 20131104

A mesoscopic methylammonium lead iodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃) perovskite/TiO₂ heterojunction solar cell is developed with low-cost carbon counter electrode (CE) and full printable process. With carbon black/spheroidal graphite CE, this mesoscopic heterojunction solar cell presents high stability and power conversion efficiency of 6.64%, which is higher than that of the flaky graphite based device and comparable to the conventional Au version. ...[more]

PMID: 24185501

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Fabrication of CH₃NH₃PbI₃/PVP Composite Fibers via Electrospinning and Deposition.

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High-Switching-Ratio Photodetectors Based on Perovskite CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Nanowires.

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A Compact and Smooth CH?NH?PbI? Film: Investigation of Solvent Sorts and Concentrations of CH?NH?I towards Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

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Tetragonal CH3NH3PbI3 is ferroelectric.

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CH3NH3PbI3 perovskites: Ferroelasticity revealed.

Project description:Ferroelectricity has been proposed as a plausible mechanism to explain the high photovoltaic conversion efficiency in organic-inorganic perovskites; however, convincing experimental evidence in support of this hypothesis is still missing. Identifying and distinguishing ferroelectricity from other properties, such as piezoelectricity, ferroelasticity, etc., is typically nontrivial because these phenomena can coexist in many materials. In this work, a combination of microscopic and nanoscale techniques provides solid evidence for the existence of ferroelastic domains in both CH3NH3PbI3 polycrystalline films and single crystals in the pristine state and under applied stress. Experiments show that the configuration of CH3NH3PbI3 ferroelastic domains in single crystals and polycrystalline films can be controlled with applied stress, suggesting that strain engineering may be used to tune the properties of this material. No evidence of concomitant ferroelectricity was observed. Because grain boundaries have an impact on the long-term stability of organic-inorganic perovskite devices, and because the ferroelastic domain boundaries may differ from regular grain boundaries, the discovery of ferroelasticity provides a new variable to consider in the quest for improving their stability and enabling their widespread adoption.

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Chloride Incorporation Process in CH?NH?PbI(3-x)Cl(x) Perovskites via Nanoscale Bandgap Maps.

Project description:CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) perovskites enable fabrication of highly efficient solar cells. Chloride ions benefit the morphology, carrier diffusion length, and stability of perovskite films; however, whether those benefits stem from the presence of Cl(-) in the precursor solution or from their incorporation in annealed films is debated. In this work, the photothermal-induced resonance, an in situ technique with nanoscale resolution, is leveraged to measure the bandgap of CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) films obtained by a multicycle coating process that produces high efficiency (?16%) solar cells. Because chloride ions modify the perovskite lattice, thereby widening the bandgap, measuring the bandgap locally yields the local chloride content. After a mild annealing (60 min, 60 °C) the films consist of Cl-rich (x < 0.3) and Cl-poor phases that upon further annealing (110 °C) evolve into a homogeneous Cl-poorer (x < 0.06) phase, suggesting that methylammonium-chrloride is progressively expelled from the film. Despite the small chloride content, CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) films show better thermal stability up to 140 °C with respect CH3NH3PbI3 films fabricated with the same methodology.

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Exceptionally Stable CH3NH3PbI3 Films in Moderate Humid Environmental Condition.

Project description:An unprecedentedly stable CH3NH3PbI3 film synthesized by a modified chemical vapor transport method is demonstrated. The results show that the crystal structure, light absorption, and device efficiency do not degrade after storing for 100 d in air with 40% relative humidity, while the conventional solution-processed perovskites are usually stable for less than 20 d in similar conditions.

| S-EPMC5054937 | biostudies-literature

Direct observation of intrinsic twin domains in tetragonal CH3NH3PbI3.

Project description:Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are exciting candidates for next-generation solar cells, with CH3NH3PbI3 being one of the most widely studied. While there have been intense efforts to fabricate and optimize photovoltaic devices using CH3NH3PbI3, critical questions remain regarding the crystal structure that governs its unique properties of the hybrid perovskite material. Here we report unambiguous evidence for crystallographic twin domains in tetragonal CH3NH3PbI3, observed using low-dose transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction. The domains are around 100-300 nm wide, which disappear/reappear above/below the tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition temperature (approximate 57 °C) in a reversible process that often 'memorizes' the scale and orientation of the domains. Since these domains exist within the operational temperature range of solar cells, and have dimensions comparable to the thickness of typical CH3NH3PbI3 films in the solar cells, understanding the twin geometry and orientation is essential for further improving perovskite solar cells.

| S-EPMC5331338 | biostudies-literature

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