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Full printable processed mesoscopic CH?NH?PbI?/TiO? heterojunction solar cells with carbon counter electrode.

ABSTRACT: A mesoscopic methylammonium lead iodide (CH?NH?PbI?) perovskite/TiO? heterojunction solar cell is developed with low-cost carbon counter electrode (CE) and full printable process. With carbon black/spheroidal graphite CE, this mesoscopic heterojunction solar cell presents high stability and power conversion efficiency of 6.64%, which is higher than that of the flaky graphite based device and comparable to the conventional Au version.

SUBMITTER: Ku Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3816285 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Full printable processed mesoscopic CH₃NH₃PbI₃/TiO₂ heterojunction solar cells with carbon counter electrode.

Ku Zhiliang Z Rong Yaoguang Y Xu Mi M Liu Tongfa T Han Hongwei H

Scientific reports 20131104

A mesoscopic methylammonium lead iodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃) perovskite/TiO₂ heterojunction solar cell is developed with low-cost carbon counter electrode (CE) and full printable process. With carbon black/spheroidal graphite CE, this mesoscopic heterojunction solar cell presents high stability and power conversion efficiency of 6.64%, which is higher than that of the flaky graphite based device and comparable to the conventional Au version. ...[more]

PMID: 24185501

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Fabrication of CH₃NH₃PbI₃/PVP Composite Fibers via Electrospinning and Deposition.

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High-Switching-Ratio Photodetectors Based on Perovskite CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Nanowires.

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CH3NH3PbI3 perovskites: Ferroelasticity revealed.

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Enhanced crystallinity of CH3NH3PbI3 by the pre-coordination of PbI2-DMSO powders for highly reproducible and efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells.

Project description:Solution processable CH3NH3PbI3 has received considerable attention for highly-efficient perovskite solar cells. However, the different solubility of PbI2 and CH3NH3I is problematic, initiating active solvent engineering research using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Here we investigated the pre-coordination of PbI2-DMSO powders for planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells fabricated by a low-temperature process (≤100 °C). Pre-coordination was carried out by simple mechanical mixing using a mortar and pestle. The composition of PbI2-DMSO x (x = 0, 1, or 2) in the powder mixture was investigated by gradually increasing mechanical mixing time, and a dominant composition of PbI2-DMSO1 was obtained after a 10 min mixing process. The pre-coordinated PbI2-DMSO powders were then blended with CH3NH3I in DMF to make the CH3NH3PbI3 film by toluene-assisted spin-coating and heat treatment. Compared with the one-step blending of CH3NH3I, PbI2, and DMSO in DMF, the pre-coordination method resulted in better dissolution of PbI2, larger grain size, and pinhole-free morphology. Consequently, absorption, fluorescence, carrier lifetime, and charge extraction were enhanced. The average open-circuit voltage (1.046 V), short-circuit current (22.9 mA cm-2), fill factor (73.5%), and power conversion efficiency (17.6%) were increased by 2-12% with decreased standard deviations (13-50%), compared with the one-step blending method. The best efficiency was 18.2%. The simple mechanical pre-coordination of PbI2-DMSO powders was very effective in enhancing the crystallinity of CH3NH3PbI3 and photovoltaic performance.

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Chloride Incorporation Process in CH₃NH₃PbI(3-x)Cl(x) Perovskites via Nanoscale Bandgap Maps.

Project description:CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) perovskites enable fabrication of highly efficient solar cells. Chloride ions benefit the morphology, carrier diffusion length, and stability of perovskite films; however, whether those benefits stem from the presence of Cl(-) in the precursor solution or from their incorporation in annealed films is debated. In this work, the photothermal-induced resonance, an in situ technique with nanoscale resolution, is leveraged to measure the bandgap of CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) films obtained by a multicycle coating process that produces high efficiency (∼16%) solar cells. Because chloride ions modify the perovskite lattice, thereby widening the bandgap, measuring the bandgap locally yields the local chloride content. After a mild annealing (60 min, 60 °C) the films consist of Cl-rich (x < 0.3) and Cl-poor phases that upon further annealing (110 °C) evolve into a homogeneous Cl-poorer (x < 0.06) phase, suggesting that methylammonium-chrloride is progressively expelled from the film. Despite the small chloride content, CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) films show better thermal stability up to 140 °C with respect CH3NH3PbI3 films fabricated with the same methodology.

| S-EPMC4746708 | biostudies-literature

Direct observation of intrinsic twin domains in tetragonal CH3NH3PbI3.

Project description:Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are exciting candidates for next-generation solar cells, with CH3NH3PbI3 being one of the most widely studied. While there have been intense efforts to fabricate and optimize photovoltaic devices using CH3NH3PbI3, critical questions remain regarding the crystal structure that governs its unique properties of the hybrid perovskite material. Here we report unambiguous evidence for crystallographic twin domains in tetragonal CH3NH3PbI3, observed using low-dose transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction. The domains are around 100-300 nm wide, which disappear/reappear above/below the tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition temperature (approximate 57 °C) in a reversible process that often 'memorizes' the scale and orientation of the domains. Since these domains exist within the operational temperature range of solar cells, and have dimensions comparable to the thickness of typical CH3NH3PbI3 films in the solar cells, understanding the twin geometry and orientation is essential for further improving perovskite solar cells.

| S-EPMC5331338 | biostudies-literature

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