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Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in prostate cancer cells modulates the oxidative response in bone cells.

ABSTRACT: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death among males. It is currently estimated that inflammatory responses are linked to 15-20% of all deaths from cancer worldwide. PCa is dominated by complications arising from metastasis to the bone where the tumor cells interact with the bone microenvironment impairing the balance between bone formation and degradation. However, the molecular nature of this interaction is not completely understood. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) counteracts oxidative damage and inflammation. Previous studies from our laboratory showed that HO-1 is implicated in PCa, demonstrating that endogenous HO-1 inhibits bone derived-prostate cancer cells proliferation, invasion and migration and decreases tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo. The aim of this work was to analyze the impact of HO-1 modulated PCa cells on osteoblasts proliferation in vitro and on bone remodeling in vivo. Using a co-culture system of PC3 cells with primary mice osteoblasts (PMOs), we demonstrated that HO-1 pharmacological induction (hemin treatment) abrogated the diminution of PMOs proliferation induced by PCa cells and decreased the expression of osteoclast-modulating factors in osteoblasts. No changes were detected in the expression of genes involved in osteoblasts differentiation. However, co-culture of hemin pre-treated PC3 cells (PC3 Hem) with PMOs provoked an oxidative status and activated FoxO signaling in osteoblasts. The percentage of active osteoblasts positive for HO-1 increased in calvarias explants co-cultured with PC3 Hem cells. Nuclear HO-1 expression was detected in tumors generated by in vivo bone injection of HO-1 stable transfected PC3 (PC3HO-1) cells in the femur of SCID mice. These results suggest that HO-1 has the potential to modify the bone microenvironment impacting on PCa bone metastasis.

SUBMITTER: Ferrando M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3817116 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in prostate cancer cells modulates the oxidative response in bone cells.

Ferrando Mercedes M Wan Xinhai X Meiss Roberto R Yang Jun J De Siervi Adriana A Navone Nora N Vazquez Elba E

PloS one 20131104 11

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death among males. It is currently estimated that inflammatory responses are linked to 15-20% of all deaths from cancer worldwide. PCa is dominated by complications arising from metastasis to the bone where the tumor cells interact with the bone microenvironment impairing the balance between bone formation and degradation. However, the molecular nature of this interaction is not completely understood. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) counteracts oxidative damag ...[more]

PMID: 24224047

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Project description:Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL) is a lymphoproliferative disease of CD4+ T-cells infected with Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type I (HTLV-1). With the exception of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, there are no effective treatments to cure ATL, and ATL cells often acquire resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Accumulating evidence shows that development and maintenance of ATL requires key contributions from the viral protein, HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ). In this study we found that HBZ activates expression of Heme Oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1), a component of the oxidative stress response that functions to detoxify free heme. Transcription of HMOX1 and other antioxidant genes is regulated by the small Mafs. These cellular basic leucine zipper (bZIP) factors control transcription by forming homo- or heterodimers among themselves or with other cellular bZIP factors that then bind Maf responsive elements (MAREs) in promoters or enhancers of antioxidant genes. Our data support a model in which HBZ activates HMOX1 transcription by forming heterodimers with the small Mafs that bind MAREs located in an upstream enhancer region. Consistent with this model, we found that HMOX-1 is upregulated in HTLV-1-transformed T-cell lines and confers these cells with resistance to heme-induced cytotoxicity. In this context, HBZ-mediated activation of HMOX-1 expression may contribute to resistance of ATL cells to certain chemotherapeutic agents. We also provide evidence that HBZ counteracts oxidative stress caused by two other HTLV-1-encoded proteins, Tax and p13. Tax induces oxidative stress as a byproduct of driving mitotic expansion of infected cells, and p13 is believed to induce oxidative stress to eliminate infected cells that have become transformed. Therefore, in this context, HBZ-mediated activation of HMOX-1 expression may facilitate transformation. Overall, this study characterizes a novel function of HBZ that may support the development and maintenance of ATL.

Project description:Purpose: Excess oxidative stress (OS) impairs endothelial function and plays an important role in vascular diseases, diabetes, and neuronal disorders. Several consequences of OS including cell recovery and apoptosis have been described previously. In this study, we report systems model of the temporal dynamics of the oxidative stress response in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) and characterize HMOX1 as a master regulator in orchestrating the response to oxidative stress. Methods: Following stress induction by hydrogen peroxide (HP), we carried out dose-dependent phenotypic assays and time series measurements of transcripts in HUVECs. To explore the role of HMOX1, HUVECs were transfected with scrambled siRNA or si-HMOX1 and then treated with hydrogen peroxide. Total RNA was collected from Scrambled-untreated, scrambled-H2O2, and si-HMOX1-H2O2 samples for RNAseq. Novel findings were validated by qPCR and functional assays. Results: In this study we have identified three phases of stress response (acute response from 1-2 hours, the transition from 4-6 hours, and the chronic stress response from 8-16 hours). We observe stable cell cycle arrest and impaired DNA replication/repair from 8-16 hours along with and increased resistance to apoptosis from 2-16 hours. Knockdown of HMOX1 prior to HP treatment releases the resistance to apoptosis. Similarly, many cellular processes switch their direction of regulation in HMOX1 deficient cells upon HP treatment (i.e. autophagy, mitochondria, cell surface signaling, expression of histone modifying enzymes and long-noncoding RNAs etc). Conclusions: Endothelial cell fate decisions are critically important for vascular health. In this study we provide a temporal model characterizing the transition from the acute stress response to the chronic response. The nexus of cell function and dysfunction is characterized by the concurrent activation of survival and death pathways. We explore the master regulatory role of HMOX1 and identify novel mechanisms by which HMOX1 may regulate cell fate decisions.

Dataset Information

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in prostate cancer cells modulates the oxidative response in bone cells.

Publications

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in prostate cancer cells modulates the oxidative response in bone cells.

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