The pendulum swings back to scoliosis screening: screening policies for early detection and treatment of idiopathic scoliosis - current concepts and recommendations.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Grivas TB
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3817958 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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The pendulum swings back to scoliosis screening: screening policies for early detection and treatment of idiopathic scoliosis - current concepts and recommendations.
Grivas Theodoros B TB Hresko Michael Timothy MT Labelle Hubert H Price Nigel N Kotwicki Tomasz T Maruyama Toru T
Scoliosis 20131029 1
This editorial article initiates the school scoliosis screening thematic series of the Scoliosis journal. The various issues on screening policies are discussed; clinical and practical recommendations of setting up school screening programs are also described. ...[more]
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Project description:Previous genetic linkage analysis and candidate gene association analysis have unveiled dozens of variants associated with the development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), which however can seldom be replicated in different ethnics. Recently, two genome-wide association studies of AIS performed in Japan revealed that ladybird homeobox 1 (LBX1) gene and G protein-coupled receptor 126 (GPR126) gene could play a role in the etiopathogenesis of the disease. Since the association between these two genes and AIS were successfully validated in the Caucasian and the Chinese population, LBX1 gene and GPR126 gene were the most reliable genetic variants underling the development of AIS.
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Project description:BackgroundEarly detection of scoliosis is a preface to prevent progression. In resource-constrained countries like Ethiopia, there is a need for a cost-effective reliable solution for screening. The surprising fact is that there is neither idiopathic scoliosis screening nor reporting of data from Ethiopia. This study aimed to identify the magnitude, associated factors of scoliosis among school children by using non-invasive and less expensive scoliometer Smartphone app and Adams forward bending test.MethodsA school-based cross-sectional survey was carried out from March to June 2019 at seven primary schools. Children were screened by using physical examination (Adams forward bend test) and scoligauge iPhone app. Univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression model analysis was used to identify factors associated with idiopathic scoliosis.ResultsA total of 1905 children aged between 5 and 16 years were screened, 3.3 % (95 % CI 2.5-4.1) of them were found positive using the scoligauge HD and among them only 1.8 % were identified positive for Adam's forward bend test. The associated factors of idiopathic scoliosis identified by multivariate analysis were; spinal pain (AOR 4.1, 95 % CI 2.42, 6.89), student sitting on stool: (AOR, 7.03; 95 % CI, 1.52, 32.5), sitting on the bench with a backrest (AOR 4.12; 95 %CI, 1.12, 15.14) and sitting on the bench without backrest: (AOR 4.56; 95 % CI 1.20, 17.34).ConclusionsThe magnitude of idiopathic scoliosis was relatively low in study setup. More attention is needed towards sitting furniture designs and for children reporting spinal pain.There is a reasonable level of recommendation to advocate that large school-based scoliosis screening was able to detect scoliosis among school children.
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Project description:Marijuana (cannabis) remains a controversial drug in the twenty-first century. This paper considers current research on use of Cannabis sativa and its constituents such as the cannabinoids. Topics reviewed include prevalence of cannabis (pot) use, other drugs consumed with pot, the endocannabinoid system, use of medicinal marijuana, medical adverse effects of cannabis, and psychiatric adverse effects of cannabis use. Treatment of cannabis withdrawal and dependence is difficult and remains mainly based on psychological therapy; current research on pharmacologic management of problems related to cannabis consumption is also considered. The potential role of specific cannabinoids for medical benefit will be revealed as the twenty-first century matures. However, potential dangerous adverse effects from smoking marijuana are well known and should be clearly taught to a public that is often confused by a media-driven, though false message and promise of benign pot consumption.
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