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Soy food supplementation, dietary fat reduction and peripheral blood gene expression in postmenopausal women--a randomized, controlled trial.

ABSTRACT: The effect of soy food supplementation or dietary fat reduction on gene expression is not well studied.We evaluated the potential of gene expression profiling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected at baseline and at the completion of an 8-wk controlled dietary intervention. Healthy postmenopausal women were randomized to a very-low-fat diet (VLFD; 11% of energy as fat) (n=21), a Step 1 diet (25% energy as fat) supplemented with soy food (SFD; 50 mg isoflavones per day) (n=20), or a control Step 1 diet (CD; 27% energy as fat) with no SFD (n=18). All diets were prepared at the General Clinical Research Center of the University of Southern California. We did not observe any gene that showed variable response across the three dietary interventions. However, there were notable changes in gene expression associated with the intervention in the VLFD and SFD groups. Our findings suggest that the expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and genes related to Fc ? R-mediated phagocytosis and cytokine interactions may be significantly altered in association with dietary fat reduction and soy supplementation. Gene expression changes in NAMPT were somewhat dampened with adjustment for weight but changes related to Fc ? R-mediated phagocytosis and cytokine interactions remained largely unchanged.PBMCs can reveal novel gene expression changes in association with controlled dietary intervention.

SUBMITTER: Wang J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3819223 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Soy food supplementation, dietary fat reduction and peripheral blood gene expression in postmenopausal women--a randomized, controlled trial.

Wang Jun J Siegmund Kimberly K Tseng Chiu-Cheng CC Lee Amy S AS Wu Anna H AH

Molecular nutrition & food research 20110808

<h4>Scope</h4>The effect of soy food supplementation or dietary fat reduction on gene expression is not well studied.<h4>Methods and results</h4>We evaluated the potential of gene expression profiling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected at baseline and at the completion of an 8-wk controlled dietary intervention. Healthy postmenopausal women were randomized to a very-low-fat diet (VLFD; 11% of energy as fat) (n=21), a Step 1 diet (25% energy as fat) supplemented with soy food ...[more]

PMID: 21823222

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Project description:BackgroundThe preferred macronutrient dietary composition, and the health consequences of dietary fat reduction specifically, have been debated for decades. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of long-term health outcomes in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification (DM) trial.ObjectiveThe DM trial aimed to examine whether a low-fat dietary pattern would reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and, secondarily, coronary heart disease (CHD), with various other health outcomes also considered.MethodsThe DM trial is a randomized controlled trial conducted at 40 centers in the US, among 48,835 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 y with baseline intake of ≥32% energy from fat. Participants were randomly assigned to a low-fat dietary pattern intervention group or to a usual-diet comparison group, during 1993-1998. Intervention goals were to reduce fat intake from ∼35% to 20% of total energy, in conjunction with increasing vegetables and fruit to 5 servings/d and grains to 6 servings/d.ResultsOver an 8.5-y (median) intervention period, intervention and comparison group differences included lower fat by 8-10%, and higher carbohydrate by 8-10%, of total energy, in conjunction with higher consumption of vegetables, fruit, and grains. Time-to-outcome analyses did not show significant differences between intervention and comparison groups for invasive breast cancer, colorectal cancer, or CHD, either over the intervention period or over longer-term cumulative follow-up. Additional analyses showed significant intervention group benefits related to breast cancer, CHD, and diabetes, without adverse effects. Over a 19.6-y (median) follow-up period, HRs (95% CIs) were 0.84 (0.74, 0.96) for breast cancer followed by death, and 0.87 (0.77, 0.98) for diabetes requiring insulin.ConclusionsReduction in dietary fat with corresponding increase in vegetables, fruit, and grains led to benefits related to breast cancer, CHD, and diabetes, without adverse effects, among healthy postmenopausal US women.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611.

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Soy food supplementation, dietary fat reduction and peripheral blood gene expression in postmenopausal women--a randomized, controlled trial.

Publications

Soy food supplementation, dietary fat reduction and peripheral blood gene expression in postmenopausal women--a randomized, controlled trial.

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