Dataset Information

A phenotypic structure and neural correlates of compulsive behaviors in adolescents.

ABSTRACT:

Background

A compulsivity spectrum has been hypothesized to exist across Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD), Eating Disorders (ED), substance abuse (SA) and binge-drinking (BD). The objective was to examine the validity of this compulsivity spectrum, and differentiate it from an externalizing behaviors dimension, but also to look at hypothesized personality and neural correlates.

Method

A community-sample of adolescents (N=1938; mean age 14.5 years), and their parents were recruited via high-schools in 8 European study sites. Data on adolescents' psychiatric symptoms, DSM diagnoses (DAWBA) and substance use behaviors (AUDIT and ESPAD) were collected through adolescent- and parent-reported questionnaires and interviews. The phenotypic structure of compulsive behaviors was then tested using structural equation modeling. The model was validated using personality variables (NEO-FFI and TCI), and Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) analysis.

Results

Compulsivity symptoms best fit a higher-order two factor model, with ED and OCD loading onto a compulsivity factor, and BD and SA loading onto an externalizing factor, composed also of ADHD and conduct disorder symptoms. The compulsivity construct correlated with neuroticism (r=0.638; p ? 0.001), conscientiousness (r=0.171; p ? 0.001), and brain gray matter volume in left and right orbitofrontal cortex, right ventral striatum and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The externalizing factor correlated with extraversion (r=0.201; p ? 0.001), novelty-seeking (r=0.451; p ? 0.001), and negatively with gray matter volume in the left inferior and middle frontal gyri.

Conclusions

Results suggest that a compulsivity spectrum exists in an adolescent, preclinical sample and accounts for variance in both OCD and ED, but not substance-related behaviors, and can be differentiated from an externalizing spectrum.

SUBMITTER: Montigny C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3828212 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

A phenotypic structure and neural correlates of compulsive behaviors in adolescents.

Montigny Chantale C Castellanos-Ryan Natalie N Whelan Robert R Banaschewski Tobias T Barker Gareth J GJ Büchel Christian C Gallinat Jürgen J Flor Herta H Mann Karl K Paillère-Martinot Marie-Laure ML Nees Frauke F Lathrop Mark M Loth Eva E Paus Tomas T Pausova Zdenka Z Rietschel Marcella M Schumann Gunter G Smolka Michael N MN Struve Maren M Robbins Trevor W TW Garavan Hugh H Conrod Patricia J PJ

PloS one 20131114 11

<h4>Background</h4>A compulsivity spectrum has been hypothesized to exist across Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD), Eating Disorders (ED), substance abuse (SA) and binge-drinking (BD). The objective was to examine the validity of this compulsivity spectrum, and differentiate it from an externalizing behaviors dimension, but also to look at hypothesized personality and neural correlates.<h4>Method</h4>A community-sample of adolescents (N=1938; mean age 14.5 years), and their parents were recrui ...[more]

PMID: 24244633

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Project description:BackgroundImpulsive compulsive behaviors (ICBs) often disturb patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD), of which impulse control disorder (ICD) and dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) are two major subsets. The nucleus accumbens (NAcc) is involved in ICB; however, it remains unclear how the NAcc affects cortical function and defines the different behavioral characteristics of ICD and DDS.ObjectivesTo identify the cortico-striatal network primarily involved in ICB and the differences in these networks between patients with ICD and DDS using structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsPatients with PD were recruited using data from a previous cohort study and divided into those with ICB (ICB group) and without ICB (non-ICB group) using the Japanese version of the Questionnaire for Impulsive Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's Disease (J-QUIP). From these two groups, we extracted 37 pairs matched for age, sex, disease duration, and levodopa equivalent daily dose of dopamine agonists. Patients with ICB were further classified as having ICD or DDS based on the J-QUIP subscore. General linear models were used to compare gray matter volume and functional connectivity (FC) of the NAcc, caudate, and putamen between the ICB and non-ICB groups and between patients with ICD and those with DDS.ResultsWe found no significant differences in gray matter volumebetween the ICB and non-ICB groups or between patients with ICD and those with DDS. Compared with the non-ICB group, the FC of the right NAcc in the ICB group was lower in the bilateral ventromedial prefrontal cortex and higher in the left middle occipital gyrus. Furthermore, patients with DDS showed higher FC between the right putamen and left superior temporal gyrus and higher FC between the left caudate and bilateral middle occipital gyrus than patients with ICD. In contrast, patients with ICD exhibited higher FC between the left NAcc and the right posterior cingulate cortex than patients with DDS.ConclusionsThe functionally altered network between the right NAcc and ventromedial prefrontal cortex was associated with ICB in PD. In addition, the surrounding cortico-striatal networks may differentiate the behavioral characteristics of patients with ICD and those with DDS.

Dataset Information

A phenotypic structure and neural correlates of compulsive behaviors in adolescents.

Background

Method

Results

Conclusions

Publications

A phenotypic structure and neural correlates of compulsive behaviors in adolescents.

Similar Datasets

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