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Combustion chemistry and flame structure of furan group biofuels using molecular-beam mass spectrometry and gas chromatography - Part II: 2-Methylfuran.

ABSTRACT: This is Part II of a series of three papers which jointly address the combustion chemistry of furan and its alkylated derivatives 2-methylfuran (MF) and 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) under premixed low-pressure flame conditions. Some of them are considered to be promising biofuels. With furan as a common basis studied in Part I of this series, the present paper addresses two laminar premixed low-pressure (20 and 40 mbar) flat argon-diluted (50%) flames of MF which were studied with electron-ionization molecular-beam mass spectrometry (EI-MBMS) and gas chromatography (GC) for equivalence ratios ?=1.0 and 1.7, identical conditions to those for the previously reported furan flames. Mole fractions of reactants, products as well as stable and reactive intermediates were measured as a function of the distance above the burner. Kinetic modeling was performed using a comprehensive reaction mechanism for all three fuels given in Part I and described in the three parts of this series. A comparison of the experimental results and the simulation shows reasonable agreement, as also seen for the furan flames in Part I before. This set of experiments is thus considered to be a valuable additional basis for the validation of the model. The main reaction pathways of MF consumption have been derived from reaction flow analyses, and differences to furan combustion chemistry under the same conditions are discussed.

SUBMITTER: Tran LS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3837210 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Combustion chemistry and flame structure of furan group biofuels using molecular-beam mass spectrometry and gas chromatography - Part II: 2-Methylfuran.

Tran Luc-Sy LS Togbé Casimir C Liu Dong D Felsmann Daniel D Oßwald Patrick P Glaude Pierre-Alexandre PA Fournet René R Sirjean Baptiste B Battin-Leclerc Frédérique F Kohse-Höinghaus Katharina K

Combustion and flame 20140301 3

This is Part II of a series of three papers which jointly address the combustion chemistry of furan and its alkylated derivatives 2-methylfuran (MF) and 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) under premixed low-pressure flame conditions. Some of them are considered to be promising biofuels. With furan as a common basis studied in Part I of this series, the present paper addresses two laminar premixed low-pressure (20 and 40 mbar) flat argon-diluted (50%) flames of MF which were studied with electron-ionization ...[more]

PMID: 24518895

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Project description:Fuels of the furan family, i.e. furan itself, 2-methylfuran (MF), and 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) are being proposed as alternatives to hydrocarbon fuels and are potentially accessible from cellulosic biomass. While some experiments and modeling results are becoming available for each of these fuels, a comprehensive experimental and modeling analysis of the three fuels under the same conditions, simulated using the same chemical reaction model, has - to the best of our knowledge - not been attempted before. The present series of three papers, detailing the results obtained in flat flames for each of the three fuels separately, reports experimental data and explores their combustion chemistry using kinetic modeling. The first part of this series focuses on the chemistry of low-pressure furan flames. Two laminar premixed low-pressure (20 and 40 mbar) flat argon-diluted (50%) flames of furan were studied at two equivalence ratios (φ=1.0 and 1.7) using an analytical combination of high-resolution electron-ionization molecular-beam mass spectrometry (EI-MBMS) in Bielefeld and gas chromatography (GC) in Nancy. The time-of-flight MBMS with its high mass resolution enables the detection of both stable and reactive species, while the gas chromatograph permits the separation of isomers. Mole fractions of reactants, products, and stable and radical intermediates were measured as a function of the distance to the burner. A single kinetic model was used to predict the flame structure of the three fuels: furan (in this paper), 2-methylfuran (in Part II), and 2,5-dimethylfuran (in Part III). A refined sub-mechanism for furan combustion, based on the work of Tian et al. [Combustion and Flame 158 (2011) 756-773] was developed which was then compared to the present experimental results. Overall, the agreement is encouraging. The main reaction pathways involved in furan combustion were delineated computing the rates of formation and consumption of all species. It is seen that the predominant furan consumption pathway is initiated by H-addition on the carbon atom neighboring the O-atom with acetylene as one of the dominant products.

Project description:Methanol, a simple polar solvent, has been widely identified as an attractive carbon source to produce chemicals and fuels in bioprocesses. Specifically, to achieve recombinant protein production from methylotrophic yeasts, such as Pichia pastoris, this organic solvent can be used as a sole carbon source for growth and maintenance as well as an inducer for protein expression. However, if methanol feeding is not controlled well in such a fermentation process, accumulation of the solvent in the growth media will have a detrimental effect on the cells. Hence, monitoring the levels of methanol in these fermentation processes is a crucial step to ensure a healthy culture and maximum protein production. There are various techniques elaborated in the literature for monitoring methanol in cell cultures, but often, they appear to be expensive methods that are less affordable for many laboratories. This is because, in addition to the sophisticated equipment that is required for the analysis, the complexity of the samples retrieved from the bioprocesses necessitates laborious processing steps often involving expensive tools. In this study, a fast, simple, and sensitive method is developed to process biological samples by using the salting-out-assisted liquid-liquid extraction technique to quantify the concentration of methanol and ethanol using gas chromatography. On comparing the combinations of widely available salts and solvents, it was noticed that salting out using potassium carbonate followed by the liquid-liquid extraction of the analyte using ethyl acetate showed the best recovery. Followed by this, a validation test for the developed method was performed, which resulted in good peak resolution, linearity, and limit of detection for the quantitation of methanol and ethanol. By further assessing the tested combination, it was confirmed that its application could be extended to other matrices. Such an approach facilitates the possibility to monitor and control the methanol levels in fermentation and aids in bioprocess optimization.

Dataset Information

Combustion chemistry and flame structure of furan group biofuels using molecular-beam mass spectrometry and gas chromatography - Part II: 2-Methylfuran.

Publications

Combustion chemistry and flame structure of furan group biofuels using molecular-beam mass spectrometry and gas chromatography - Part II: 2-Methylfuran.

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