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Design and synthesis of tetrahydrophthalimide derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are one of the key components in highly active anti-retroviral therapy because of their high specificity and less toxicity. NNRTIs inhibit reverse transcriptase enzyme by binding to the allosteric site, which is 10Å away from the active site. Rapid emergence of resistance is the major problem with all anti-HIV agents. Hence, there is continuous need to develop novel anti-HIV agents active against both drug sensitive and resistance strains. RESULTS:All the 16 synthesized 2-(1,3-dioxo-3a,4-dihydro-1H-isoindol-2(3H,7H,7aH)-yl)-N-(substitutedphenyl) acetamide 4(a-p) analogs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Lipinski rule of five parameters and molecular parameters like solubility, drug likeness, and drug score were derived for designed analogs using online servers like Molinspiration and Osiris property explorer. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for their HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor activity by HIV-1 RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity assay at 2 and 20 ?M concentrations. CONCLUSIONS:Among the 16 synthesized compounds, 4a, 4b, 4f, 4g, 4k, and 4l showed weak reverse transcriptase inhibitor activity at 20 ?M concentration. For the designed compounds, there was no correlation observed between molecular modeling and in vitro studies.

SUBMITTER: Penta A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3847232 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Design and synthesis of tetrahydrophthalimide derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

Penta Ashok A Ganguly Swastika S Murugesan Sankaran S

Organic and medicinal chemistry letters 20130822 1

<h4>Background</h4>Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are one of the key components in highly active anti-retroviral therapy because of their high specificity and less toxicity. NNRTIs inhibit reverse transcriptase enzyme by binding to the allosteric site, which is 10Å away from the active site. Rapid emergence of resistance is the major problem with all anti-HIV agents. Hence, there is continuous need to develop novel anti-HIV agents active against both drug sensitive and ...[more]

PMID: 23968361

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Project description:BackgroundAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the advanced stage of infection caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV/AIDS had a great impact on society, both as an illness and as a source of discrimination. Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) are structurally diverse group of compounds which binds to Reverse Transcriptase (RT) enzyme of HIV. Like other anti-HIV drugs, long-term clinical effectiveness of approved NNRTIs has been hampered due to the rapid development of drug resistance. So, there is an urgent need to discover the NNRTIs, which can be effective against the drug sensitive as well as drug resistant strains of HIV-1 RT.ResultsTwo series of novel thirty, 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline analogues (5a-o) and (8a-o) were designed and synthesized as inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy and evaluated for in-vitro RT inhibitory activity. Among the tested compounds, eighteen compounds exhibited more than 50 % inhibition at tested 100 μM concentration, in which two compounds 8h and 8l showed promising inhibition (74.82 and 72.58 %) respectively. The preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the test compounds and docking studies of the two significantly active compounds 8h and 8l were performed to examine their putative binding with HIV-RT. Predicted physiochemical parameters of the synthesized compounds were within the acceptable range of drugable properties.ConclusionThe results obtained from this investigation revealed that, the synthesized compounds (5a-o) and (8a-o) showed moderate to promising HIV-1 RT inhibition activity. The overall SAR studies can help in identification of further lead as well as in designing of newer potential inhibitor of HIV-1 RT. Graphical AbstractBest docked pose of compound 8h inside the non-nucleoside inhibitory binding pocket of 3MEE enzyme.

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Design and synthesis of tetrahydrophthalimide derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

Publications

Design and synthesis of tetrahydrophthalimide derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

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