Dataset Information

Population-based biomonitoring of exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in New York City.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Organophosphates and pyrethroids are the most common classes of insecticides used in the United States. Widespread use of these compounds to control building infestations in New York City (NYC) may have caused higher exposure than in less-urban settings.

Objectives

The objectives of our study were to estimate pesticide exposure reference values for NYC and identify demographic and behavioral characteristics that predict exposures.

Methods

The NYC Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was a population-based, cross-sectional study conducted in 2004 among adults ? 20 years of age. It measured urinary concentrations of organophosphate metabolites [dimethylphosphate (DMP), dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), dimethyldithiophosphate, diethylphosphate, diethylthiophosphate, and diethyldithiophosphate] in 883 participants, and pyrethroid metabolites [3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (trans-DCCA), 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid, and cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid] in 1,452 participants. We used multivariable linear regression to estimate least-squares geometric mean total dialkylphospate (?DAP) and 3-PBA concentrations across categories of predictors.

Results

The dimethyl organophosphate metabolites had the highest 95th percentile concentrations (87.4 ?g/L and 74.7 ?g/L for DMP and DMTP, respectively). The highest 95th percentiles among pyrethroid metabolites were measured for 3-PBA and trans-DCCA (5.23 ?g/L and 5.94 ?g/L, respectively). Concentrations of ?DAP increased with increasing age, non-Hispanic white or black compared with Hispanic race/ethnicity, professional pesticide use, and increasing frequency of fruit consumption; they decreased with non-green vegetable consumption. Absolute differences in geometric mean urinary 3-PBA concentrations across categories of predictors were too small to be meaningful.

Conclusion

Estimates of exposure to pyrethroids and dimethyl organophosphates were higher in NYC than in the United States overall, underscoring the importance of considering pest and pesticide burdens in cities when formulating pesticide use regulations.

SUBMITTER: McKelvey W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3855501 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Nov-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Population-based biomonitoring of exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in New York City.

McKelvey Wendy W Jacobson J Bryan JB Kass Daniel D Barr Dana Boyd DB Davis Mark M Calafat Antonia M AM Aldous Kenneth M KM

Environmental health perspectives 20130927 11-12

<h4>Background</h4>Organophosphates and pyrethroids are the most common classes of insecticides used in the United States. Widespread use of these compounds to control building infestations in New York City (NYC) may have caused higher exposure than in less-urban settings.<h4>Objectives</h4>The objectives of our study were to estimate pesticide exposure reference values for NYC and identify demographic and behavioral characteristics that predict exposures.<h4>Methods</h4>The NYC Health and Nutri ...[more]

PMID: 24076605

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Dataset Information

Population-based biomonitoring of exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in New York City.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Population-based biomonitoring of exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in New York City.

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