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Characterization of fowl adenoviruses associated with hydropericardium syndrome and inclusion body hepatitis in broiler chickens.

ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out for detection and molecular characterization of fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) associated with hydropericardium syndrome or inclusion body hepatitis in commercial broiler chickens. The FAdVs were detected in liver samples from 33 commercial broiler chicken flocks by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using hexon gene specific primers. The restriction enzyme analysis using StyI, BsiWI, MluI, AspI, BglI and ScaI enzymes of all the 33 FAdV-positive samples revealed FAdV-4 in 10 samples, FAdV-8 in five samples, FAdV-2 and FAdV-12 in two samples each, and FAdV-5 and FAdV-6 in one sample each. Twelve samples revealed the digestion pattern for more than one serotypes with FAdV-8 and FAdV-5, FAdV-8 and FAdV-7, FAdV-8 and FAdV-6, FAdV-8 and FAdV-12 being the predominant combinations indicating mixed infection. The serotypes FAdV-2 and FAdV-5 have not been detected previously in the country. The purified PCR products of FAdVs of four samples (HR 1, HR 2, HR 3 and HR 4) were cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that FAdVs of all four samples clustered in separate groups consistent with the REA pattern. In conclusion, this study reveals the presence of FAdV-2, FAdV-4, FAdV-5, FAdV-6, FAdV-7, FAdV-8 and FAdV-12 in broiler chickens affected with hydropericardium syndrome or inclusion body hepatitis in India.

SUBMITTER: Mittal D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3889237 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Characterization of fowl adenoviruses associated with hydropericardium syndrome and inclusion body hepatitis in broiler chickens.

Mittal Dinesh D Jindal Naresh N Tiwari Ashok Kumar AK Khokhar Raj Singh RS

Virusdisease 20131130 1

The present study was carried out for detection and molecular characterization of fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) associated with hydropericardium syndrome or inclusion body hepatitis in commercial broiler chickens. The FAdVs were detected in liver samples from 33 commercial broiler chicken flocks by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using hexon gene specific primers. The restriction enzyme analysis using StyI, BsiWI, MluI, AspI, BglI and ScaI enzymes of all the 33 FAdV-positive samples revealed FAdV-4 ...[more]

PMID: 24426318

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Project description:Background and objectivesHepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) caused by Fowl adenoviruses serotype 4 (FAdV-4) leads to severe economic losses to the poultry industry. Although various vaccines are available, vaccines that effectively stimulate intestinal mucosal immunity are still deficient. In the present study, novel probiotics that surface-deliver Fiber2 protein, the major virulence determiner and efficient immunogen for FAdV-4, were explored to prevent this fecal-oral-transmitted virus, and the induced protective immunity was evaluated after oral immunization.MethodsThe probiotic Enterococcus faecalis strain MDXEF-1 and Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 were used as host strains to deliver surface-anchoring Fiber2 protein of FAdV-4. Then the constructed live recombinant bacteria were orally vaccinated thrice with chickens at intervals of 2 weeks. Following each immunization, immunoglobulin G (IgG) in sera, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in jejunum lavage, immune-related cytokines, and T-cell proliferation were detected. Following challenge with the highly virulent FAdV-4, the protective effects of the probiotics surface-delivering Fiber2 protein were evaluated by verifying inflammatory factors, viral load, liver function, and survival rate.ResultsThe results demonstrated that probiotics surface-delivering Fiber2 protein stimulated humoral and intestinal mucosal immune responses in chickens, shown by high levels of sIgA and IgG antibodies, substantial rise in mRNA levels of cytokines, increased proliferative ability of T cells in peripheral blood, improved liver function, and reduced viral load in liver. Accordingly, adequate protection against homologous challenges and a significant increase in the overall survival rate were observed. Notably, chickens orally immunized with E. faecalis/DCpep-Fiber2-CWA were completely protected from the FAdV-4 challenge, which is better than L. lactis/DCpep-Fiber2-CWA.ConclusionThe recombinant probiotics surface-expressing Fiber2 protein could evoke remarkable humoral and cellular immune responses, relieve injury, and functionally damage target organs. The current study indicates a promising method used for preventing FAdV-4 infection in chickens.

Dataset Information

Characterization of fowl adenoviruses associated with hydropericardium syndrome and inclusion body hepatitis in broiler chickens.

Publications

Characterization of fowl adenoviruses associated with hydropericardium syndrome and inclusion body hepatitis in broiler chickens.

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