Coronary artery revascularization in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Armstrong EJ
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3901842 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Coronary artery revascularization in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Armstrong Ehrin J EJ Rutledge John C JC Rogers Jason H JH
Circulation 20131001 15
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Project description:Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is still controversial in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we aimed to evaluate the long-term follow-up events of PCI and CABG in these populations. Relevant randomized controlled trials were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane databases. The pooled results were represented as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with STATA software. A total of six trials with 1,766 patients who received CABG and 2,262 patients who received PCI were included in our study. Patients in the CABG group were significantly associated with a lower all-cause mortality compared with those in the PCI group (RR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.56-0.98, P = 0.037). Cardiac mortality, recurrent myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization were also significantly lower in the CABG group (RR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.40-1.53, P = 0.479; RR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.32-1.56, P = 0.387; and RR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.28-0.46, P < 0.0001; respectively). However, compared with the PCI group, the cerebral vascular accident was higher in the CABG group (RR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.43-3.33, P < 0.0001). There was no publication bias in our study. CABG revascularization was associated with significantly lower long-term adverse clinical outcomes, except cerebral vascular accident, compared with PCI in patients with CAD and T2DM. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42020216014.
| S-EPMC8568070 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and objectivesThe clinical benefits of complete revascularization (CR) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients are unclear. Moreover, the benefit of CR is unknown in AMI with diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. We sought to compare the prognosis of CR and incomplete revascularization (IR) in patients with AMI and multivessel disease, according to the presence of DM.MethodsA total of 2,150 AMI patients with multivessel coronary artery disease were analyzed. CR was defined based on the angiographic image. The primary endpoint of this study was the patient-oriented composite outcome (POCO) defined as a composite of all-cause death, any myocardial infarction, and any revascularization within 3 years.ResultsOverall, 3-year POCO was significantly lower in patients receiving angiographic CR (985 patients, 45.8%) compared with IR (1,165 patients, 54.2%). When divided into subgroups according to the presence of DM, CR reduced 3-year clinical outcomes in the non-DM group but not in the DM group (POCO: 11.7% vs. 23.2%, p<0.001, any revascularization: 7.2% vs. 10.8%, p=0.024 in the non-DM group, POCO: 24.3% vs. 27.8%, p=0.295, any revascularization: 13.3% vs. 11.3%, p=0.448 in the DM group, for CR vs. IR). Multivariate analysis showed that CR significantly reduced 3-year POCO (hazard ratio, 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.36-0.75) only in the non-DM group.ConclusionsIn AMI patients with multivessel disease, CR may have less clinical benefit in DM patients than in non-DM patients.
| S-EPMC11522788 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundRosiglitazone improves glycemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but there remains controversy regarding an observed association with cardiovascular hazard. The cardiovascular effects of rosiglitazone for patients with coronary artery disease remain unknown.Methods and resultsTo examine any association between rosiglitazone use and cardiovascular events among patients with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease, we analyzed events among 2368 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes (BARI 2D) trial. Total mortality, composite death, myocardial infarction, and stroke, and the individual incidence of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, congestive heart failure, and fractures, were compared during 4.5 years of follow-up among patients treated with rosiglitazone versus patients not receiving a thiazolidinedione by use of Cox proportional hazards and Kaplan-Meier analyses that included propensity matching. After multivariable adjustment, among patients treated with rosiglitazone, mortality was similar (hazard ratio [HR], 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58-1.18), whereas there was a lower incidence of composite death, myocardial infarction, and stroke (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55-0.93) and stroke (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.16-0.86) and a higher incidence of fractures (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.05-2.51); the incidence of myocardial infarction (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.54-1.10) and congestive heart failure (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.84-1.82) did not differ significantly. Among propensity-matched patients, rates of major ischemic cardiovascular events and congestive heart failure were not significantly different.ConclusionsAmong patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease in the BARI 2D trial, neither on-treatment nor propensity-matched analysis supported an association of rosiglitazone treatment with an increase in major ischemic cardiovascular events.Clinical trial registrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00006305.
| S-EPMC3816149 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Understanding the pathogenesis of this complication is essential in both diagnosis and management. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the presence of CAD in T2DM using molecular markers and pathway analyses. Total RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) underwent whole transcriptomic profiling using the Illumina HumanHT-12 v4.0 expression beadchip. Differential gene expression with gene ontogeny analyses was performed, with supporting correlational analyses using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA)
2024-03-01 | GSE250283 | GEO
Project description:The choice of optimal revascularization strategy in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is becoming more challenging lately, due to recent advances in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). On one hand, drug-eluting stents (DES) have emerged as a solution to the problem of restenosis after balloon angioplasty or bare-metal stent implantation, which was responsible for a higher rate of events (mainly repeat revascularization) in relation to CABG. On the other hand, off-pump bypass techniques and minimally invasive grafting of the left anterior descending artery appear to be safe and efficacious alternatives to traditional, on-pump CABG. Available literature includes studies outdated by current technologies, leaving the dilemma of best revascularization strategy unanswered in the general CAD population, but also in high-risk groups, such as diabetics and patients with chronic kidney disease. A number of ongoing trials, especially designed for this purpose, are set to end the debate, providing headto- head comparisons between DES-assisted PCI and contemporary bypass surgery.
| S-EPMC2532965 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundConsidering the nature of diabetes mellitus (DM) in coronary artery disease, it is unclear whether complete revascularization is beneficial or not in patients with DM. We investigated the clinical impact of angiographic complete revascularization in patients with DM.MethodsA total of 5516 consecutive patients (2003 patients with DM) who underwent coronary stenting with 2nd generation drug-eluting stent were analyzed. Angiographic complete revascularization was defined as a residual SYNTAX (SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery) score of 0. The patient-oriented composite outcome (POCO, including all-cause death, any myocardial infarction, and any revascularization) and target lesion failure (TLF) at three years were analyzed.ResultsComplete revascularization was associated with a reduced risk of POCO in DM population [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52-0.93, p = 0.016], but not in non-DM population (adjusted HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.69-1.17, p = 0.423). The risk of TLF was comparable between the complete and incomplete revascularization groups in both DM (adjusted HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.49-1.16, p = 0.195) and non-DM populations (adjusted HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.75-1.63, p = 0.611). The independent predictors of POCO were incomplete revascularization, multivessel disease, left main disease and low ejection fraction in the DM population, and old age, peripheral vessel disease, and low ejection fraction in the non-DM population.ConclusionsThe clinical benefit of angiographic complete revascularization is more prominent in patients with DM than those without DM after three years of follow-up. Relieving residual disease might be more critical in the DM population than the non-DM population. Trial registration The Grand Drug-Eluting Stent registry NCT03507205.
| S-EPMC9019985 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHealth status is a key outcome for comparing treatments, particularly when mortality does not differ significantly.Methods and resultsBypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes (BARI 2D) randomized 2368 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and stable ischemic heart disease to (1) prompt revascularization versus medical therapy and (2) insulin sensitization versus insulin provision. Randomization was stratified by the intended method of revascularization, coronary artery bypass graft surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention. The Duke Activity Status Index and RAND Energy, Health Distress, and Self-Rated Health scales were assessed at study entry and annually thereafter; linear mixed models were used to evaluate the effect of randomized treatment on these measures. Health status improved significantly from baseline to 1 year (P<0.001) in each randomized treatment group. Compared with medical therapy, prompt revascularization was associated with significantly greater improvements in Duke Activity Status Index (1.32 points; P<0.001), Energy (1.36 points; P=0.02), and Self-rated Health (1.77 points; P=0.007) but not Health Distress (-0.47; P=0.46). These treatment effects were largely maintained over 4 years of follow-up. The effect of revascularization on the Duke Activity Status Index was significantly larger in the subgroup of patients intended for coronary artery bypass graft surgery compared with the subgroup intended for percutaneous coronary intervention. Health status did not differ significantly on any of the 4 measures between the insulin provision and insulin sensitization strategies.ConclusionsPrompt coronary revascularization was associated with small yet statistically significant improvements in health status compared with initial medical therapy among patients with diabetes mellitus and stable ischemic heart disease.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00006305.
| S-EPMC2964421 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimsThe impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on outcomes of lower extremity revascularization (LER) for peripheral artery disease (PAD) is uncertain. We characterized associations between DM and post-procedural outcomes in PAD patients undergoing LER.Methods and resultsAdults undergoing surgical or endovascular LER were identified from the 2014 Nationwide Readmissions Database. DM was defined by ICD-9 diagnosis codes and sub-classified based on the presence or absence of complications (poor glycaemic control or end-organ damage). Major adverse cardiovascular and limb events (MACLEs) were defined as the composite of death, myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke, or major limb amputation during the index hospitalization for LER. For survivors, all-cause 6-month hospital readmission was determined. Among 39 441 patients with PAD hospitalized for LER, 50.8% had DM. The composite of MACLE after LER was not different in patients with and without DM after covariate adjustment, but patients with DM were more likely to require major limb amputation [5.5% vs. 3.2%, P < 0.001; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.44] and hospital readmission (59.2% vs. 41.3%, P < 0.001; aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.34-1.55). Of 20 039 patients with DM hospitalized for LER, 55.7% had DM with complications. These patients were more likely to have MACLE after LER (11.1% vs. 5.2%, P < 0.001; aOR 1.56 95% CI 1.28-1.89) and require hospital readmission (61.1% vs. 47.2%, P < 0.001; aOR 1.41 95% CI 1.27-1.57) than patients with uncomplicated DM.ConclusionsDM is present in ≈50% of patients undergoing LER for PAD and is an independent risk factor for major limb amputation and 6-month hospital readmission.
| S-EPMC9630873 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundChronic angina is more common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with poor glucose control. Ranolazine both treats chronic angina and improves glucose control.ObjectivesThis study sought to examine ranolazine's antianginal effect in relation to glucose control.MethodsThe authors performed a secondary analysis of the RIVER-PCI (Ranolazine in Patients with Incomplete Revascularization after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) trial, a clinical trial in which 2,604 patients with chronic angina and incomplete revascularization following percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized to ranolazine versus placebo. Mixed-effects models were used to compare the effects of ranolazine versus placebo on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Interaction between baseline HbA1c and ranolazine's effect on Seattle Angina Questionnaire angina frequency at 6 and 12 months was tested.ResultsOverall, 961 patients (36.9%) had DM at baseline. Compared with placebo, ranolazine significantly decreased HbA1c by 0.42 ± 0.08% (adjusted mean difference ± SE) and 0.44 ± 0.08% from baseline to 6 and 12 months, respectively, in DM patients, and by 0.19 ± 0.02% and 0.20 ± 0.02% at 6 and 12 months, respectively, in non-DM patients. Compared with placebo, ranolazine significantly reduced Seattle Angina Questionnaire angina frequency at 6 months among DM patients but not at 12 months. The reductions in angina frequency were numerically greater among patients with baseline HbA1c ≥7.5% than those with HbA1c <7.5% (interaction p = 0.07).ConclusionsIn patients with DM and chronic angina with incomplete revascularization after percutaneous coronary intervention, ranolazine's effect on glucose control and angina at 6 months was proportionate to baseline HbA1c, but the effect on angina dissipated by 12 months.
| S-EPMC5784418 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe economic outcomes of clinical management strategies are important in assessing their value to patients.Methods and resultsBypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes (BARI 2D) randomized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and angiographically documented, stable coronary disease to strategies of (1) prompt revascularization versus medical therapy with delayed revascularization as needed to relieve symptoms and (2) insulin sensitization versus insulin provision. Before randomization, the physician declared whether coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous coronary intervention would be used if the patient were assigned to revascularization. We followed 2005 patients for medical utilization and costs and assessed the cost-effectiveness of these management strategies. Medical costs were higher for revascularization than medical therapy, with a significant interaction with the intended method of revascularization (P<0.0001). In the coronary artery bypass grafting stratum, 4-year costs were $80 900 for revascularization versus $60 600 for medical therapy (P<0.0001). In the percutaneous coronary intervention stratum, costs were $73 400 for revascularization versus $67 800 for medical therapy (P<0.02). Costs also were higher for insulin sensitization ($71 300) versus insulin provision ($70 200). Other factors that significantly (P<0.05) and independently increased cost included insulin use and dose at baseline, female sex, white race, body mass index > or =30, and albuminuria. Cost-effectiveness based on 4-year data favored the strategy of medical therapy over prompt revascularization and the strategy of insulin provision over insulin sensitization. Lifetime projections of cost-effectiveness showed that medical therapy was cost-effective compared with revascularization in the percutaneous coronary intervention stratum ($600 per life-year added) with high confidence. Lifetime projections suggest that revascularization may be cost-effective in the coronary artery bypass grafting stratum ($47 000 per life-year added) but with lower confidence.ConclusionsPrompt coronary revascularization significantly increases costs among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and stable coronary disease. The strategy of medical therapy (with delayed revascularization as needed) appears to be cost-effective compared with the strategy of prompt coronary revascularization among patients identified a priori as suitable for percutaneous coronary intervention.
| S-EPMC3403834 | biostudies-literature