Dataset Information

Increased risk of wheeze and decreased lung function after respiratory syncytial virus infection.

ABSTRACT:

Background

A relationship between hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and asthma development has been suggested in case-control studies.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the risk of current wheeze, asthma, and lung function at school age in infants previously hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis compared to non-hospitalized children.

Methods

For this study, data from a prospective birth cohort of unselected, term-born infants (n?=?553), of whom 4 (0.7%) were hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis, and a prospective patient cohort of 155 term infants hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis were used. Respiratory outcomes at age 6 in children hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis were compared to non-hospitalized children.

Results

The risk of current wheeze was higher in hospitalized patients (n?=?159) compared to non-hospitalized children (n?=?549) (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.2 (95% CI 1.2-8.1). Similarly, the risk of current asthma, defined as a doctor's diagnosis of asthma plus current symptoms or medication use, was higher in hospitalized patients (adjusted OR 3.1 (95% CI 1.3-7.5). Compared to non-hospitalized children, RSV bronchiolitis hospitalization was associated with lower lung function (mean difference FEV1% predicted -6.8 l (95% CI (-10.2 to -3.4).

Conclusions and clinical relevance

This is the first study showing that hospitalization for RSV bronchiolitis during infancy is associated with increased risk of wheezing, current asthma, and impaired lung function as compared to an unselected birth cohort at age 6.

SUBMITTER: Zomer-Kooijker K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3909049 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Increased risk of wheeze and decreased lung function after respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Zomer-Kooijker Kim K van der Ent Cornelis K CK Ermers Marieke J J MJ Uiterwaal Cuno S P M CS Rovers Maroeska M MM Bont Louis J LJ

PloS one 20140131 1

<h4>Background</h4>A relationship between hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and asthma development has been suggested in case-control studies.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of this study was to assess the risk of current wheeze, asthma, and lung function at school age in infants previously hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis compared to non-hospitalized children.<h4>Methods</h4>For this study, data from a prospective birth cohort of unselected, term-born infants (n = ...[more]

PMID: 24498037

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundEarly-life severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a risk factor for childhood asthma. Because azithromycin may attenuate airway inflammation during RSV bronchiolitis, we evaluated whether it would reduce the occurrence of post-RSV recurrent wheeze.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 200 otherwise healthy 1- to 18-month-old children hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis in this single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study and randomly assigned them to receive oral azithromycin (10 mg/kg daily for 7 days, followed by 5 mg/kg daily for 7 days) or placebo. Randomization was stratified by recent open-label antibiotic use. The primary outcome was the occurrence of recurrent wheeze, defined as a third episode of post-RSV wheeze over the following 2 to 4 years.ResultsAs an indication of the biologic activity of azithromycin, nasal wash interleukin-8 levels, at day 14 after randomization, were lower among azithromycin-treated participants (P<0.01). Despite evidence of biologic activity, azithromycin did not reduce the risk of post-RSV recurrent wheeze (47% in the azithromycin group vs. 36% in the placebo group; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92 to 2.29; P=0.11). Azithromycin also did not modify the risk of recurrent wheeze among participants already receiving other antibiotic treatment at the time of enrollment (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.43 to 2.07). There was a potential signal among antibiotic-naïve participants who received azithromycin to have an increased risk of recurrent wheeze (hazard ratio, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.03 to 3.1).ConclusionsAzithromycin therapy for 14 days during acute severe RSV bronchiolitis did not reduce recurrent wheeze occurrence over the following 2 to 4 years. Our data suggest no benefit of azithromycin administration with the goal of preventing recurrent wheeze in later life. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02911935.).

Dataset Information

Increased risk of wheeze and decreased lung function after respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Publications

Increased risk of wheeze and decreased lung function after respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Similar Datasets

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